Conflict and Tension Lesson 9: Gallipoli Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea Key Words:

Quiz Which three countries were in the Triple Entente? What was the name of the Gunboat sent to Morocco by Germany? What does BEF stand for? Recall one element of the Schlieffen Plan which failed Recall one piece of technology in the trenches and explain how it worked What happened at the Battle of Passchendaele What was movement on the Western front like? Define patriotism Britain, France, Russia Panther British Expeditionary Force Belgium resisted, BEF sent over, Russia mobilised more quickly than expected, France attacked Germany Artillery, machine guns, poison gas, tanks, aircraft Terrible weather conditions, mines at Messines killed 10,000 Germans. 250,000 casualties over for alles and more for Germans. Minimal Love of your country

Answers Britain, France, Russia Panther British Expeditionary Force Belgium resisted, BEF sent over, Russia mobilised more quickly than expected, France attacked Germany Artillery, machine guns, poison gas, tanks, aircraft Terrible weather conditions, mines at Messines killed 10,000 Germans. 250,000 casualties over for allies and more for Germans. Minimal Love of your country

Gallipoli (1917)

Gallipoli (1917) Why Gallipoli? Casualties on the Western Front Winston Churchill persuaded the government to attack Dardanelles Strait A successful attack here would allow supplies to reach Russia Britain has the biggest Navy = attractive! Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea

Gallipoli (1917) Write an account of how events in Gallipoli became a crisis for the Allies. (EXAM Q3- 8 marks) We are going to work through what happened at Gallipoli and write notes in a way which will answer this question! Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea

Gallipoli (1917) Sea invasion Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea Sea invasion March 1917 navy begin their assault They bombarded the Turkish forts on the strait But… as they entered the strait a combination of mines and shell fire from the forts doomed the attack Commanders realised they would need to attack on the land ‘Events in Gallipoli became a crisis because…’

Gallipoli (1917) Land invasion ‘Crisis continued when…’ In April the British, French and Australians/New Zealanders attacked Helles Beach. Turks and Germans had strengthened their defences and had dug trenches on the top of a hill that overlooked the beach. The allies forces fought bravely and captured a few trenches but they knew they could not remove the Turks from the area. ‘Crisis continued when…’ Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea

Gallipoli (1917) Conditions worsened… Allied troops began to dig trenches In the summer, corpses decayed and disease was rampant. Neither side could break the deadlock. Another landing was made at Sulva Bay, but that also failed. The only success was that submarines got through the strait. But the main fleet never attempted to get through. ‘Conditions in Gallipoli deepened the crisis because…’

Gallipoli (1917) Withdrawal By November a new issue arose – frostbite Troops were ill-equipped for the winter By December it was clear that there was no chance of success The decision was made to pull out – this was well organised but the campaign was a failure. ‘Withdrawal from Gallipoli reflects the crisis because…’

Gallipoli (1917) What do YOU think was the main reason for the failure at Gallipoli? Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea

War at Sea

Subheading: Significance of the war at sea TASK: Use the first paragraph under the heading ‘The events and significance of the war at sea’ on p.229 to fill in the table below. Significant Not significant Britain and Germany need supplies via the sea Naval race had anticipated importance Torpedoes could now be launched from ships and submarines Submarines were new warfare that Britain and Germany had Radios meant ships could stay in contact None of the battles at sea were decisive in the outcome of the war Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea

Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea War at Sea: Mindmap Divide the issues out to different tables and get them to feedback

How significant was the war at sea? NOT Significant Significant Good learning: Understand what happened on other fronts during WWI Great learning: Explain why Gallipoli was a failure for the Allies Even better: Evaluate the significance of the war at Sea USE THREE FACTS TO BACK UP YOUR JUDGEMENT