Mughal Empire Bell Ringer Agenda Who was one of the major thinkers of the Protestant Reformation and what were their beliefs? Quiz The rise of the Mughal Empire Documentary HW read chapter

“It was all a dream, I use to read word up magazine” - Akbar Mughal Empire “It was all a dream, I use to read word up magazine” - Akbar

Mughal Empire Called themselves Mughals Invaded India also called Mongols Invaded India Gupta Empire fell in 600 A.D. Muslim tribes formed small kingdoms in Northwestern India

Conflicts 8th Century 1000 A.D. Hindus and Muslims have a bloody conflict. Hindus held off Arab Muslims, they only advanced through the Indus River Valley. 1000 A.D. Turkish armies led by Sultan Mahmud devastated the land over 17 campaigns. Delhi eventually lost to these Turkish warlords and the Hindus were treated like conquered people.

Babur 1494 Swept down to India and began the Mughal empire. At 11 years old inherited the throne. Region of kingdom – Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Swept down to India and began the Mughal empire.

As a leader… Strong and Sensitive Wrote poetry and loved art and gardens Brilliant general defeated an army of 100,000 with an army of 12,000

Humayun After Babur’s death, his incompetent son, Humayun, lost most of the territory Babur gained.

Akbar Akbar means “Great One” Babur’s 13 year old grandson. Ruled India with wisdom and tolerance from 1556 to 1605.

As a Leader Muslim Genius with cultural blending. However, strongly defended religious freedom. Married two hindus, a christian, and a muslim. Genius with cultural blending.

Akbar the Great “A monarch should ever be intent on conquest, otherwise his neighbors rise in arms against him”

Akbar the Great A military Conqueror His army was equipped with: Military was the root of strength. His army was equipped with: Cannons Elephants Guns Composite bows

Embraced influence Combination of military power and political wisdom, Akbar was able to unify a land of almost 100 million people. Welcomed many cultures and ideas. Akbar spoke Persian but the common language was Hindi. Soldiers language – Urdu was formed from the ranks of Akbar’s army. Literally means “from the soldier’s camp”

Architecture and Literature Flourished under Akbar. Akbar period architecture developed under his reign.

Jahangir Succeeded his father Akbar in 1605. Poor monarch and warrior Opposite of his father Poor monarch and warrior but good at maintaining the status quo.

Jahangir Jahangir married Nur Jahan. She became the real ruler of the empire until the death of her husband.

Shah Jahan Shah Jahan succeeded his father in 1627. Maintained peace Better ruler than Jahangir. Restored the efficiency of government. Recovered territories. Maintained peace Foreign traders were allowed into India and trade increased considerably. The empire was expanded.

Taj Mahal Shah Jahan built it in honor of his wife who died during childbirth. Took over a decade to build and it nearly bankrupted the empire.

Aurangzeb Aurangzeb ascended the throne after disposing his father and beating out his two brothers. Despot everely persecuted Hindus of Northern India. Empire declines under his reign He removed the tax-free status for Hindus Destroyed their temples Crushed semi-autonomous Hindu states Primary Interest Promote Islam vs. tolerance

Bahadur Shah Son of Aurangzeb Only managed to live a few years as emperor. But at this point in time, the government was so unstable and so weak, the empire become an easy target of invasion and exploitation, first by the Persians, and then by the British. The death of Aurangzeb and the short reign of his son led to the end of the Mughal empire and the beginning of British Rule.

Crash Course While watching this I want you to list facts that you learned today from lecture that John Green mentions.