How to summarize the main idea of a paragraph without a topic sentence 关于什么主题？ topic words controlling words 主题词 主题限定词 关于这个主题的哪几个方面？

1. Draw the structure(结构) of the passage. para. ① ② ③ ④   2. What might be “my” job? A foreign English teacher 3. What’s the topic of the passage？ e.g.

Para.1 ①Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. ②Whenever I speak to Chinese students they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” ③However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”. ④_______________________ ________________________________________. spoken English spoken English ③However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”. spoken English ? 5W1H Main idea: Chinese students’ spoken English is terrible yet it can be improved.

Para.2 ①First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves because of a limited vocabulary. ②Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. ③As a matter of fact, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if your attitude is positive. ④Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know. words vocabulary vocabulary vocabulary words Main idea: Topic words: repeated words Not having enough vocabulary, students need to remember more words and make full use of words they already have. repeated exactly the same? = words with similar meanings(近义词) words with opposite meanings (反义词)

Para.3 making mistakes make mistakes making mistakes ACCURACY accurate ①Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. ②Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are nervous worrying about making mistakes. ③Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. ④Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the rules to get your message across. ⑤But to talk to someone in English, as quickly and well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, it doesn’t matter because the person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears. making mistakes make mistakes making mistakes ACCURACY accurate a wrong word or tense Main idea: Students fear of making mistakes, but they should aim at speaking English fluently instead of accurately.

Para.1 Problems with spoken English Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to Chinese students they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”. ______________________ ______________________________________ __________________________. I would like to suggest some reasons and suggestions for their problems with spoken English I would like to

Summarize the main idea Living in a foreign country probably sounds exciting and romantic to you. Just imagine the noises from the local market or the smell of strange flowers when you leave the house in the morning. But this doesn’t mean that life abroad is easy. When people set foot in a foreign land, they are more likely to keep to what to what is familiar. Becoming part of local culture can be the hardest part of life abroad. However, in order to adapt(适应) to life abroad, people need to get out of their comfortable zones and explore. The moment you get rid of stereotypes(模式化观念),you are ready to take your first step.

Summarize the main idea ①Living in a foreign country probably sounds exciting and romantic to you. ②Just imagine the noises from the local market or the smell of strange flowers when you leave the house in the morning. ③But this doesn’t mean that life abroad is easy. ④ When people set foot in a foreign land, they are more likely to keep to what to what is familiar. ⑤ Becoming part of local culture can be the hardest part of life abroad. ⑥ However, in order to adapt(适应) to life abroad, people need to get out of their comfortable zones and explore. ⑦The moment you get rid of stereotypes(模式化观念), you are ready to take your first step.

One possible version: Different from common belief that life abroad is wonderful, it is difficult. But to get used to living abroad, people should make some change.