Labor The effects of Industrialization and Centralization on the American Work Force.

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Presentation transcript:

Labor The effects of Industrialization and Centralization on the American Work Force

Effects of Changes [in general] A. Industrialization 1. Loss of skilled labor [commoditization] 2. Machines B. Centralization 1. relationships-labor and management 2. Strength of factory owners

Working Conditions A. Wages B. Depersonalization C. Decline of Skill D. Reutilization E. Alienation F. Hours G. Safety H. Unemployment I. Increasing employment of woman & children

Children and young women working in a vegetable cannery Between 1890 and 1900 an average of 35,000 workers died each year on assembly lines

Labor’s Response to Industrialism A. Escape to Farm or West 1. Frederick Jackson Turner 2. Myth of farm and “safety valve” B. Form Co-ops as alternative 1. Knights of Labor C. Support of Third Parties 1. Populists 2. Greenback 3. Marxist Focused Parties 1. Socialist to Communist

Labor Unions A. Knights of Labor 1. T. Powderly B. American Federation of Labor 2. Samuel Gompers C. Industrial Workers of World (Wobblies) 1. “Big” Bill Haywood

“Direct action of radical groups will bring about capitalism’s downfall?”

Unions Fight Back A. Boycotts B. Railroad Strike of 1877* C. Haymarket Strike, Chicago 1886* D. Homestead Strike, 1892 E. Pullman Strike 1894* F. Colorado Labor Wars, 1905 Frustration

Role of Public Toward the Situation A. Importance of Darwinian Ideas *never embraced by Darwin himself B. Converse View on Poverty

Labor and Immigration I. Why They Came A. European Reasons (Push) B. American Reasons (Pull) II. What They Did A. Farmers B. Construction Labor C. Mine and Factory Labor III. Immigrant Life in Cities A. Housing B. Social Life

Criticism A. Political B. Social C. Economic D. Religious E. The “New Immigrants” Demands for Restrictions A. Anti-Chinese B. General Restrictions Effects of Immigration A. Economic