6X 10-12-2016 Wednesday Europe before Transatlantic Travel Objective: Describe how new ideas and trade changed the lives of Europeans. Agenda: Prayer Do now: What is the difference between a direct democracy and a democratic republic? Read and take notes on Chapter 1.4 Homework: work on dioramas

Class Notes: Chapter 1.4 Europe Before Transatlantic Travel Main Idea 1:The Greeks and Romans established new forms of government. Europeans got many ideas from the Ancient Greek and Romans, especially about government. Important Greek ideas: humans are capable of having great ideas. Justice and fairness are important. Invented democracy – a form of government in which people rule themselves. The Greeks had direct democracy – everyone gets to vote on every law. Important Roman ideas: government should protect the rights of the people, all people have a right to know the law, fairness, and innocent until proven guilty. Created a republic – The government is made of leaders who represent the people. A democratic republic – when people get to choose/elect their leaders.

Class notes: Continued from Monday 10/10/2016 Main Idea 2: During the Middle Ages, society eventually changed from a feudal system to a system with artisans and merchants. 1. The Middle Ages started around 500 AD and lasted for about a thousand years. Europe became divided into little kingdoms when the Roman Empire fell apart.

Class Notes: Chapter 1.4 Europe Before Transatlantic Travel Main Idea 1: The Greeks and the Romans established new forms of government. Europeans got a lot of ideas from the Ancient Greek and Romans, especially about government. To the Greeks, humans and reason are very important. They cared about fairness and ideas. This made them create democracy – a form of government where people rule themselves. The Romans created a democratic republic – a government made of representatives chosen by the people. Important ideas: all people have a right to know the law, all people are equal, people are innocent until they are proven guilty. Direct Democracy: everyone votes on everything Republic: people pick representatives that they trust to create the laws and make decisions.

Main Idea 2: During the Middle Ages, society eventually changed from a feudal system with a middle class of artisans and merchants. The Middle Ages lasted from about 500 Ad to 1500 AD. It was a time when Europe was divided into many small kingdoms that fought each other. Feudalism: King – the nobles/lords are loyal to the king, but he is not able to defend all of them. So the nobles have to rely on themselves and become powerful. Nobles – Owned a lot of land. Paid soldiers, called knights to defend their lands, with land. IN return, knights pledged their loyalty to their noble/lord. Knights – protected the land in return, they got their own lands. Peasant- knights allowed peasants (the poor) to live on their land. In return peasants had to farm the land and give most of what they grew to the knights. Feudalism led to more separated lands. But Europe was able to stay unified because of the Catholic Church. Everyone was Christian and was loyal to the Pope. Crusades – Christian Europe fought Muslims in the Middle East to try and gain back land. Even though this was war, Europeans began to trade and get ideas from Muslims and the East. Europeans begin to become interested in the rest of the world.