Cell Organelles.

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Presentation transcript:

Cell Organelles

Catalyst: Cell Organelles 1) What is the main difference between prokaryote and eukaryote cells? 2) Give two examples of organisms with eukaryote cells 3) Give an example of a prokaryote cell 4) Make a prediction: What do you think are some differences (in terms of structure/function) between plant and animal cells? Nucleus vs. no nucleus Plants and animals bacteria

Catalyst: Cell Organelles Prokaryote, Eukaryote, or Both? 1) This cell is larger. 2) This cell has a nucleus. 3) This cell is simple and less complex. 4) This cell has DNA. 5) This cell has cytoplasm. 6) This cell has a cell membrane. eukaryote eukaryote prokaryote Both! Both! Both!

Agenda Catalyst (5 min) Objective (2 min) Quiz Review: Types of Cells (10 min) Explore: Cell Organelle Gallery Walk (35 min) Cell organelle re-cap/discussion (15 min) Independent Practice: H.S.A questions (10 min) Review/Exit Ticket (5 min)

Announcements Extra Credit—stay after school for grading help or corrections! All make up work must be completed by Tuesday (extended!)! Need your binder checks from binders! Please return signed permission slip! HOMEWORK: Read 182-185

Student of the WEEK!

Objective Scientists WILL identify and describe the structure and function of cell organelles IN ORDER TO distinguish between the cellular composition of eukaryote cells (animal and plant).

Similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes 1) BOTH have a cell membrane 2) BOTH have genetic information (DNA) 3) BOTH have a cytoplasm PROKARYOTE EUKARYOTE

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes COMPLETE THE VENN DIAGRAM BELOW! Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Both Eukaryotes Larger Smaller type of cell Include bacteria Found in humans ContainDNA Lack nucleus Nucleus microscopic Lack organelles Contain Organelles outer membrane Complex Mostly unicellular organisms Simple Mostly mutlicellular organisms

Prokaryote or Eukaryote? BACTERIA Escherichia coli

Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

Prokaryote or Eukaryote? MALARIA PARASITE

Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

Recall: Types of Cells Animal Cell Prokaryote Eukaryote Animal Plant Bacteria Animal Cell

How does your body carry out so many functions? Your body has organs (heart, lungs, kidney, etc) that do specific things so your whole body will function. Cells have this too, but instead of organs, they are called organelles…. Organelles: SMALL structures in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes that perform important functions

Organelles in ALL Eukaryote Cells: Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Ribosome Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi apparatus Mitochondria

Plant and Animal cells contain KEY DIFFERENT organelles to carry out their different functions Plant Cell VS Animal Cell

Different kinds of animal cells white blood cell red blood cell cheek cells sperm nerve cell muscle cell Amoeba Paramecium

Gallery Walk: 30 minutes There are 10 stations AROUND the room. You and your group members will have 3 MINUTES at EACH station In these 3 minutes you MUST: DRAW a simple SKETCH of the organelle WRITE the FUNCTION of the organelle CREATE an ANALOGY for the organelle Write if it is in a plant cell or animal cell or BOTH

What do I mean by analogy? An analogy is a comparison between two things. FOR EXAMPLE: The Cell is like a big CITY: The nucleus controls the cell, so it is like the town hall You and your group members must create your own cell city analogies for each organelle. In the factory you have workers and certain physical conditions that each play a part to make the factory work. SIMILARLY, the cells have individual strctures that make it work.

Cell Membrane FUNCTION: thin, flexible layer that surrounds the cell’s cytoplasm that controls what goes into and out of the cell and protects it from outside environment Location: BOTH PLANT and ANIMAL AS A CITY: Fence around city DNA

Cytoplasm FUNCTION: Location: BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL As a CITY: GRASS Gel-like material inside the cell membrane that surrounds the organelles. (kind of like bubble wrap or packing peanuts protect a package) Location: BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL As a CITY: GRASS

Cytoplasm

Nucleus FOUND IN: Plants and Animals Cell as City: Town Hall FUNCTION: - Control center of the cell, directs cellular activities - Stores all genetic material (DNA) FOUND IN: Plants and Animals Cell as City: Town Hall

Ribosome Function: Location: prokaryotes and eukaryotes A small organelle that makes proteins Location: prokaryotes and eukaryotes As a City: Factories and small businesses

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Function A system of folded tube-like structures attached to the nucleus that transport materials around the cell Rough ER: has ribosomes Smooth ER: no ribosomes Location: BOTH PLANTS AND ANIMALS As a CITY: roads

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):

Golgi Apparatus Function: Packages proteins for shipment around the cell Location: In both plant and animal cells Cell as a City: Post Office

ER and Golgi RIBOSOMES/ROUGH ER Packages things for outside the cell Golgi Apparatus

Mitochondria “POWER PLANT/ENERGY SOURCE” Function: Powerhouse of the cell Double membrane structure that provides the cell with energy (in the form of ATP) which can be used by the cell to perform its functions Location: Plant and Animal Cell as a City: Power Plant

Organelles found ONLY in Plants: Cell Walls Large Vacuoles Chloroplasts

Chloroplast Function: Stacks of disc-like shapes containing chlorophyll that convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis Location: Plant Cell ONLY Cell as a City: Greenhouse

Vacuoles “Storage Units” Function: Fluid-Filled sac used to store materials such a food, water, and enzymes needed by the cell Found In: Plants (ONE BIG ONE) and Animals (many SMALL ones) Cell as a City: Water Tower

Vacuole in a Plant Cell

Cell Wall Function: A rigid layer that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support and protection for the plant cell Location: PLANT CELL ONLY Cell as a City: City Wall

Cell wall Chloroplast Large vacuole PLANT CELL

CFU’s Cell Wall Chloroplast 1. Which of the following is an organelle involved in making proteins? A. mitochondria B. ribosome C. cell wall D. cell membrane 2. What organelle in plants provides the primary support to their flowers and leaves? A. cell wall B. cell membrane C. chloroplast D. vaculole 3. Name two organelles that ONLY plant cells have Cell Wall Chloroplast

Name that Organelle You will have 15 seconds to read the clue on the slide. Then you must write down the following on your whiteboard: The name of the organelle that corresponds with the clue The type of cell(s) it is found in (animal or plant or both)

Clue 1: Animal cells contain an organelle that helps release energy Clue 1: Animal cells contain an organelle that helps release energy. This organelle is shown below Chloroplast Mitochondria Nucleus Ribosome B. MITOCHONDIRA

Clue 2 I’m strong, sturdy, and made of cellulose. I provide support and surround plant cells! What am I? Cell Wall

Clue 3 I’m the brain of the cell Or so they say I regulate cell activities From day to day What am I? Nucleus

Clue 4 Proteins are made here Even though I’m quite small You can find me in the cytoplasm Or attached to E.R.’s wall What am I? Ribosome

Clue 5 Found only in plant cells, I’m green as can be I make food for the plant Using the sun’s energy Chloroplast

Clue 6 I surround all cells Flexible and thin I control what gets out And what comes in What am I? Cell Membrane

Clue 7 I am the packaging center! I package and ship materials throughout the cell. Golgi apparatus

Clue 8 I am a large storage container for food, water and waste. I am very large in plant cells! Vacuole

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Clue 9 I transport materials throughout the cell. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Clue 10 I am the gel-like space inside the cell. I surround and protect everything inside of the cell. Cytoplasm

Name this organelle! Chloroplast

Name this organelle! Nucleus!

Independent Practice: Diagrams and H.S.A Questions Complete the diagrams Work on the H.S.A Questions on the back of your notes.

Chloroplast Vacuole Smooth ER or golgi Mitochondria Ribosome Nucleus Cell wall

Nucleus ribosome Mitochondria Cell membrane Rough ER Golgi golgi

Extra Practice Check 1) Cyanide is a poison that prevents mitochondria from using oxygen. As a result, the mitochondria cannot produce A) lipids C) carbohydrates B) sugar D) energy 2) A student observed different types of cells under a microscope. Three of the cells he observed are shown below. Which of these structures in Cell 3 releases energy for use in cell processes? A) nucleus B) cell wall C) chloroplast D) mitochondrion

Extra Practice Check 3) Which cell structure contains molecules that direct cell activities?   nucleus ribosome mitochondrion chloroplast 4) Our body needs proteins to function. What organelle must be present in the cell to assist in creating proteins?

Exit Ticket ribosome chloroplast ribosome Which organelle makes proteins and is located in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the ER? 2. What organelle serves as the site of photosynthesis for plant cells? 3. Which organelle supplies the cell with energy? 4. Where is DNA found in a eukaryotic cell? 5. What are two of the three key structures that ALL cells have? ribosome chloroplast ribosome Nucleus (and in mitochondria/chloroplasts) Cell membrane