Modelling and Linking Guide for the application of W3C Linked Data (LD) / Semantic Web (SW) concepts and technologies in the AEC/FM industry sector Michel Böhms

Context bSI Technical Room, Linked Data Working Group (LDWG) • Michel Böhms – TNO (NL) – lead • Ana Roxin – uB (FR) – contributor • Pieter Pauwels – UG (BE) – contributor • Jakob Beetz – TUE (NL) – contributor • Hans Schevers – BuildingBits (NL) – contributor • Seppo Törmä – Aalto University (FI) – contributor • Lars WikStröm – Triona (SE) – contributor • Peter Bonsma – RDF (BG) – contributor • Leif Granholm – Trimble (FI) – contributor • Eilif Hjelseth – HiOA (NO) – contributor + Input from the European V-Con Project’s MLG 2 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

background Resolution in bSI Technical Room/LDWG, 2016 Jeju: “Prepare a modelling and linking guide that can be used across the bSI rooms (top-down)” Overall Strategy ... Linked Data Tutorial for AEC/FM ! Evaluation Service” X 3 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Links internally bsi The Technical Room / LDWG itself ifcOWL, driven by backward compatability The Building Room Model View Definition (MVD) > White Paper Matthias Weise (aec3) The Product Room buildingSmart Data Dictionary (bSDD) > White Paper Jakob Beetz (TU/e) The Regulatory Room Regulations, Requirements and Recommendations (RRR) The Infrastructure Room Key ‘application area’ for this guide because of its strong natural data links with areas such as GIS, Systems Engineering and Monitoring 4 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

LD/SW in bsi: 3 roles STATIC: IFC >>>ifcOWL EXTENSION: bSDD >>> bsddOWL See: Overall Architecture André Borrmann (TUM) LINKING beyond bSI >>> Modelling and Linking Guide (MLG) GIS PLM/SE IoT/WoT Robotics, Big Data, 3D Scanning Drones, … Asset Information Management (AIM) bringing different worlds and their “Information Silos” together 5 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Many relevant semantic resources to link to beyond bsi 6 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Overview MLG 7 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Glossary, example Ontology An ontology is an abstract, formal, explicit, simplified view of a part of reality to be represented for some specific purpose. An ontology is essentially (in LD/SW-terminology) a set of Classes, Properties (Datatype Properties as ‘attributes’ and Object Properties as ‘relationships’) and Individuals as instances of the classes. Furthermore, an ontology might contain Datatypes (as potential value type ‘ranges’ for the Datatype Properties) and all kinds of Restrictions (cardinality restrictions - universal/existential value restrictions) on both classes and properties. An sometimes used synonym for ‘ontology’ is Object Type Library (OTL). 8 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Idea 9 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Consequence 10 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Scope of MLG 11 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Data grouping mechanisms like Containers NOT in scope! Data grouping mechanisms like Containers Regulation/Requirement/Recommendation (RRR) Specifications Data Set level Versioning Importing Strategies Publishing Aspects Typically already covered by W3C Best Practices documents 12 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Need for connecting all data inspired by Jakob Beetz, Phil Jackson, V-CON/CEDR INTERLINK projects BIM standard Industry ‘standard’ Regulations standard GIS standard IoT standard Jakob Beetz 2016 13 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Life-cycle view 14 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Use cases benefitting: Total Life-cycle + supply-chain 15 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

General linking idea 16 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Data modelling 18 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Example: now for ifc 19 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

W3C Linked data / semantic web Fully web-based, founded in logic, widely supported Many standards are heading in this direction 20 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

LD/SW-based data modelling 21 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

What’s special? Data-driven Multi-Meta Level Independent Classes & Properties Open World Assumption (OWA) No Unique Name Assumption (UNA) Ultimate Normalization Logic Inference 22 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Tutorial material 23 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Tutorial material 24 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Tutorial material, scientific background 25 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

The actual modelling guidelines semantic resource defined Modelling Styles Naming & Annotations (like ‘labels’) Quantity and Unit modelling Individual level decomposition modelling Typical (class-level) decomposition via Qualified Cardinality Restrictions (QCRs) for the previous individual level decomposition Concept Modelling Ontology (CMO) Several constructs supporting objectified Modelling Style (“the powerful Way”) skos:prefLabel/altLabel Importing QUDT (TQ/NASA) hasDirectPart 26 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Modelling Styles Concepts >>> owl:Classes Value Types >>> rdfs:Datatypes (>>>owl:Classes for enumeration types) Attributes (quantitative or qualitative) for Concepts having underlying Types >>> DatatypeProperties (SIMPLE) or Classs (POWERFUL) Relationships between Concepts >>> ObjectProperties (SIMPLE) or Classes (POWERFUL) Instances of Concepts >>> owl:NamedIndividuals Constraints (with respect to values or logic) >>> Restrictions 27 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Linking guidelines 28 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Linking for two scenarios Data Alignment Data Conversion 29 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Translation (syntax conversion) Example 30 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

‘Implementation’ guidelines Formats Access Ontology Versioning Try it yourself Tips Available Open Source/Commercial Software for Ontology Development & Publishing Ontology Deployment 31 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Example: format Turtle 32 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Example: Implementation architecture 33 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

What’s next? Final Draft (1 Sep2017) Review (till 15 Sep 2017), extent and finalize Show bSI London 2017 (end of October) Discuss future actions/usage Link ifcOWL, bsddOWL etc. 34 | InfraRoom Vision and Strategy on Linked Data 01 March 2017

Thank you for your attention Take a look: TIME.TNO.NL