Electricity!

Before we talk about electricity… Let’s talk about ATOMS! The smallest unit of matter EVERYTHING is made of atoms Atoms are made up of 3 particles Protons Electrons Neutrons

So, what is Electricity? Electricity is generated from the motion of tiny charged atomic particles called electrons

Electricity

Electrons

What Is Static Electricity? A stationary electrical charge that is built up on the surface of a material

Static Electricity

Where do charges come from? Matter is made up of atoms. + – Proton (positive charge) + neutron (neutral) electron (negative charge) – atom nucleus

Where do charges come from? Rubbing materials does NOT create electric charges. It just transfers electrons from one material to the other.

Where do charges come from? When a balloon rubs a piece of wool... electrons are pulled from the wool to the balloon. + – – The balloon has more electrons than usual. wool The balloon: – charged, The wool: +charged

Insulators and conductors Insulators: materials that do NOT allow electrons to flow through them easily. Insulators can be easily charged by friction as the extra electrons gained CANNOT easily escape.

Insulators and conductors Conductors: materials that allow electrons to flow through them easily.

Lightning kills more than 60 people and injures more than 400 people a year in the US one mile every five seconds about 20,000 C Voltage of up to 1.2x108 volts

Thunderstorm Safety Indoors: Stay off the phone Stay away from windows Use flashlights if the power goes out Discontinue use of phones and electrical equipment. You may also want to unplug appliances and computers. Avoid taking a shower or bath. If lightning strikes your house it may send a current of electricity across metal plumbing throughout the house.

Thunderstorm Safety Outdoors: Stay low If possible, find shelter in a building Keep away from trees, tall objects, metal objects and water Boaters and swimmer should get to land as a soon as possible If you begin to feel your hair stand on end, this indicates lightning is about to strike. You should drop to your knees and bend forward placing your hands on your knees and crouch down. Do not lie flat on the ground, this will only make you a larger target.

Thunderstorm Safety While Driving: Reduce your speed Pull off to the shoulder of the road. Be sure you're away from tall objects, such as trees, which could fall due to wind or lightning and do not clog highway underpasses. Turn on your emergency flashers Remain in the car until the storm passes Do not touch any metal objects in the car Avoid driving on roads covered by water

DANGER!!!!! If not used properly electricity can be dangerous. Follow the safety rules!!!!

frayed trip wet fingers broken overload plastic plugs Word Bank Electrical Safety Rule Number 7 is already filled out for you!

Number 1 Do not have wires where people can trip over them…

Number 2 Never stick your fingers into a plug socket…

Number 3 Never use electrical appliances with frayed wires …

Number 4 Never touch a socket with wet hands …

Number 5 Never overload a plug socket …

Number 6 Never use electrical appliances with broken plugs …

Number 7 Always make sure an adult fixes broken electrical appliances …

Number 8 Cover electrical outlets with plastic plugs when you are not using them + =

As long as electricity is used in the correct way it will be safe As long as electricity is used in the correct way it will be safe. What safety rules can you remember?

Worksheet Look at the pictures on the next slide and make a list of the devices that use electricity and another list of the ones the don’t. Which ones use electricity to make heat and light energy? And which ones use electricity to make sound energy?

Bellringer: 10-3-13 Vocabulary for today: Battery Electric Circuit Resistance Safety Tip

Electricity Circuits

Power Sources There are a couple different ways to power an appliance / circuit Plug into the wall and use electricity Use a battery for electricity

Batteries

What are batteries? Batteries keep electricity for appliances that you can not or do not want to plug in. Batteries can be put in and taken out of electrical appliances. Batteries come in all different shapes and sizes. Batteries can ‘run out’ of electricity.

If a battery is not put in correctly then the appliance will not work! and The + and – symbols on the battery help you to know which way the battery should be inserted. If a battery is not put in correctly then the appliance will not work!

Circuits There are many type of circuits. end

Circuits Electric Circuit A complete path that electrons can travel Circuit diagrams are used to represent different parts Resistor Something that uses electrical energy Light bulb, computer, t.v., … + side - side Battery or Power Source Switch Light/Power switch Closed Circuit is complete Power is ON Open A break in the circuit Power is OFF end

To be successful... ...look at the circuit diagrams; decide whether each circuit would work: whether it is complete or not and; tick what you think is the right answer or write to explain why you think the circuit is complete or not.

Will this circuit work?

Will this circuit work?

Will this circuit work?

Will this circuit work?

Will this circuit work?

Will this circuit work?