Using Primary and Secondary Sources Informational Text Using Primary and Secondary Sources Feature Menu Informational Texts Connecting to the Literature Introducing the Informational Texts Vocabulary Informational Reading Focus: Primary and Secondary Sources Primary Sources Secondary Sources Using Primary and Secondary Sources Assignment

Connecting to the Literature Mrs. Jones in “Thank You, M’am” helps a boy who might otherwise end up on the wrong path. In the following primary and secondary sources, you’ll meet real people who also help others, and you’ll learn about community service in the process. [End of Section]

Introducing the Informational Texts “Teaching Chess, and Life” “Community Service & You” “Feeding Frenzy”

Introducing the Informational Texts “Teaching Chess, and Life” How did learning to play chess change one young man’s life? To find out, read “Teaching Chess, and Life.”

Introducing the Informational Texts “Community Service & You” Have you ever thought about volunteering in your community? Have you ever wondered how you could make a difference? Read “Community Service & You” to find out about the various volunteer opportunities for young people.

Introducing the Informational Texts “Feeding Frenzy” What happens when a young man decides to devote his time and energy to begin a surplus food-sharing program in his own school district? Learn how David Levitt overcame bureaucratic red tape to make his dream a reality in “Feeding Frenzy.” [End of Section]

Vocabulary Vocabulary Development mentorship n.: advice or lessons from a mentor, or wise teacher intimidating v. used as adj.: frightening endeavors n.: serious attempts, efforts, or undertakings legislation n.: law or body of laws

Vocabulary Vocabulary Development bureaucratic adj.: relating to rigid government routine undaunted adj.: not discouraged by a difficulty or setback

Vocabulary Vocabulary Practice mentorship intimidating endeavors bureaucratic undaunted Vocabulary Practice Fill in the blanks with Word Bank words. 1. The barking dogs were __________ to the small child. 2. As town mayor, Nodra had grown tired of the job’s __________ constraints. intimidating bureaucratic 3. All serious __________ require patience and hard work. 4. A newly hired athletic trainer benefits from the __________ of an experienced professional. 5. The team persevered, __________ by the disappointing loss. endeavors mentorship undaunted [End of Section]

Primary Sources Primary sources are firsthand accounts. Writers may reveal their experiences, opinions, and ideas. Click here to listen to a firsthand account of the championship game.

Primary Sources Primary Sources Autobiographies Letters Interviews Speeches Eyewitness Reports Essays Editorials Oral Histories Letters Autobiographies Speeches [End of Section]

Secondary Sources Secondary sources are secondhand accounts. They are often based on more than one viewpoint. Writers summarize, interpret, or analyze events in which they did not participate.

Secondary Sources Secondary Sources Encyclopedia Articles Reference Works Textbooks Newspaper Articles Biographies Magazine Articles Encyclopedias Textbooks Newspaper Articles [End of Section]

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Using the sources: Follow these steps to get the most out of your sources. Identify Analyze Evaluate Elaborate

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Identify. Is the source a primary or secondary source? Analyze. What is the main idea? How does the author support the main idea? Who is the author’s audience? What is the author’s purpose?

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Quick Check Is this a primary or secondary source? How do you know? Many kids my age in Washington Heights wind up in gangs, as drug dealers, in jail, or dead. I decided long ago that I would not end up in one of those situations because of the consequences I saw others suffer. I have stuck by this decision with help from several important people. One of the most influential people in my life is my former chess coach and current boss, Jeremy Chiappetta, who has taught me a lot about chess and more about life. from “Teaching Chess, and Life” by Carlos Capellan (from an essay adapted by The New York Times, September 3, 2000) What is the main idea?

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Quick Check Who is the author’s audience? Many kids my age in Washington Heights wind up in gangs, as drug dealers, in jail, or dead. I decided long ago that I would not end up in one of those situations because of the consequences I saw others suffer. I have stuck by this decision with help from several important people. One of the most influential people in my life is my former chess coach and current boss, Jeremy Chiappetta, who has taught me a lot about chess and more about life. from “Teaching Chess, and Life” by Carlos Capellan (from an essay adapted by The New York Times, September 3, 2000) What is the author’s purpose?

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Evaluate. Is the writer presenting objective facts, subjective opinions, or a mix of both? Is the factual information accurate? (If in doubt, check the accuracy by reading other sources.) Are the author’s opinions supported by evidence and logical reasoning? Do you agree with the author’s message?

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Quick Check Do you think the essay will be objective or subjective? Why? Many kids my age in Washington Heights wind up in gangs, as drug dealers, in jail, or dead. I decided long ago that I would not end up in one of those situations because of the consequences I saw others suffer. I have stuck by this decision with help from several important people. One of the most influential people in my life is my former chess coach and current boss, Jeremy Chiappetta, who has taught me a lot about chess and more about life. from “Teaching Chess, and Life” by Carlos Capellan (from an essay adapted by The New York Times, September 3, 2000)

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Elaborate. Present your own ideas on the topic. Do further research. Check to see if a secondary source has a bibliography or a list of works cited. These contain other useful sources of information.

Using Primary and Secondary Sources Quick Check What lessons about life might someone learn from playing chess? Many kids my age in Washington Heights wind up in gangs, as drug dealers, in jail, or dead. I decided long ago that I would not end up in one of those situations because of the consequences I saw others suffer. I have stuck by this decision with help from several important people. One of the most influential people in my life is my former chess coach and current boss, Jeremy Chiappetta, who has taught me a lot about chess and more about life. from “Teaching Chess, and Life” by Carlos Capellan (from an essay adapted by The New York Times, September 3, 2000) [End of Section]

Assignment As you read “Teaching Chess, and Life,” “Community Service & You,” and “Feeding Frenzy” identify each text as either a primary or a secondary source analyze each text and identify the main idea and purpose elaborate on ideas presented in these texts [End of Section]

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