The cell cycle

Where do cells come from?

The Cell Theory All living things are made of cells Cells are the basic organizational unit of life. Cells must come from other cells.

The human body is made of about 100 trillion cells. Fun facts… The human body must make an average of 610 billion blood cells per day. 200,000,000,000 red cells per day 10,000,000,000 white cells per day 400,000,000,000 platelets per day The human body is made of about 100 trillion cells.

The cell has a life cycle called the cell cycle.

The cell cycle can simply be divided into 2 parts Interphase Mitosis

The Cell Cycle Interphase Mitosis

What is mitosis?? Mitosis produces identical cells to the original dividing cell. Used for cell repair & healing! Done by all somatic (body) cells.

Terms To know before we begin: Chromatin forms (condenses into) chromosomes Chromosomes have 2 chromatids (form an X) Centrioles- cylindrical structures that help in cell division Centromere- point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber

Cell cycle= IPMATC MITOSIS is just PMAT MEMORIZE IT! Interphase  Prophase  Metaphase  Anaphase  Telophase  Cytokinesis “I Play Music At The Club” MITOSIS is just PMAT

Interphase First phase of the cell cycle. LONGEST PHASE (3 parts) G1 phase – cell grows (to about double its size), more organelles produced S phase- replication of DNA and chromosomes G2 phase - cell growth, enzyme and protein synthesis continues (the checking phase)

Prophase- beginning of mitosis chromatin condenses into chromosomes the nuclear membrane begins to fade

metaphase Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers at their centromeres and then move to the equator.

anaphase Ensures that each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell Chromatids, now called daughter chromosomes, separate toward the poles.

Telophase- last phase of mitosis The nuclear membranes and nucleoli re-form spindle fibers fragment chromosomes unwind and change from chromosomes to chromatin.

Cytokinesis- last phase of cell cycle Cytoplasm pinches and the two cells split along the cleavage furrow Result: 2 identical daughter cells