Golgi Apparatus The mailman of the cell Picks up and labels products made by the cell and delivers them to the correct part of the cell

Cytoskeleton Microtubules - larger tubes made of protein that help hold the cell’s shape like tent poles Microfilaments - smaller, more delicate protein strands that hold organelles in place

Making Proteins The single most important job of each cell is to make PROTEIN! DNA has all the instructions to make them BUT, DNA is not allowed to leave the nucleus! So, it must give the instructions to another nucleic acid, RNA which is allowed to leave the nucleus

There are three types of RNA found in a cell: 1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) Job: Transcription 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA) Job: Translation 3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Job: assembly

Transcription (mRNA) The first step is transcription DNA acts as a template for a short strand of RNA to be copied

Translation (tRNA) Next, the mRNA is translated mRNA move through ribosomes where tRNA translates sections of base pairs into amino acids Amino acids are the ‘building blocks’ of life They tell the protein how to fold

This protein has a specific job to do within the cell After the tRNA has made some amino acids, they are connected together to form a protein by rRNA This protein has a specific job to do within the cell for instance: Hair color proteins are only found in hair cells

Cellular Movement Cilia: short hair-like structures that cover part of or the entire organism flagella: long whip like structures that propel an organism forward Pseudopodia: organism will extend it’s cell membrane towards food and pull the rest of it behind

Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic Cells are very simple cells They DO NOT have a nucleus to hold their DNA Do NOT have organelles Mostly bacteria are in this group

Eukaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells are modern cells They DO contain a nucleus to hold DNA Also have many tiny organs to help the cell survive called organelles

The End