by Walter Zumkeller, and Stefan Burdach

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Presentation transcript:

by Walter Zumkeller, and Stefan Burdach The Insulin-Like Growth Factor System in Normal and Malignant Hematopoietic Cells by Walter Zumkeller, and Stefan Burdach Blood Volume 94(11):3653-3657 December 1, 1999 ©1999 by American Society of Hematology

Schematic representation of the insulin-like growth factor axis: IGFs, IGFBPs, and IGF receptors. Walter Zumkeller, and Stefan Burdach Blood 1999;94:3653-3657 ©1999 by American Society of Hematology

Signal pathway of receptor-activated tyrosine kinase receptors. Signal pathway of receptor-activated tyrosine kinase receptors. Cytokines, growth factors, and insulin activate receptor-linked tyrosine kinases that induce receptor autophosphorylation. The GRB2 and son of sevenless (SOS) guanine nucleotide-releasing protein is recruited to the plasma membrane. SOS activates raf kinase, which initiates a phosphorylation cascade resulting in effects on metabolism and growth. Walter Zumkeller, and Stefan Burdach Blood 1999;94:3653-3657 ©1999 by American Society of Hematology

Structural comparison of insulin, type 1 (IGF-I), and type 2 (IGF-II) receptors. Walter Zumkeller, and Stefan Burdach Blood 1999;94:3653-3657 ©1999 by American Society of Hematology