C. Shi, G.J. Wright, C.L. Ex-Lubeskie, A.D. Bradshaw, H. Yao

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Date of download: 6/28/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Tensile Properties of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage J Biomech Eng. 2008;130(1):

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Relationship between anisotropic diffusion properties and tissue morphology in porcine TMJ disc C. Shi, G.J. Wright, C.L. Ex-Lubeskie, A.D. Bradshaw, H. Yao Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 21, Issue 4, Pages 625-633 (April 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010 Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Schematic of specimen preparation and testing protocols. Each disc was examined in five regions: anterior, intermediate, posterior, lateral and medial. In each region, solute diffusion properties and tissue morphology of these specimens were investigated in three orthogonal planes (i.e., XY, ZX and ZY). The right side discs were tested by FRAP protocols for the diffusion properties and the corresponding left side discs were examined by SEM protocols for tissue morphology. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 The results of anisotropic solute diffusivities in porcine TMJ discs (n = 11). (The data shown were means and the error bar was a 95% CI.) In the medial (*ANOVA, P = 0.013), lateral (*ANOVA, P < 0.0001) and intermediate regions (*ANOVA, P = 0.0002), AP diffusivity was significantly larger than the diffusivities in the other two directions. The ML diffusion predominated in the posterior region (*ANOVA, P = 0.001). In the anterior region, there were no significant differences for diffusivity between the orientations (ANOVA, P = 0.66) likely due to the multi-directional fiber arrangement. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 The results of inhomogeneous solute diffusivities in porcine TMJ discs (n = 11). (The data shown were means and the error bar was a 95% CI.) Region-dependent diffusion properties were found in the TMJ disc. The anterior region had higher mean diffusivity than the lateral and intermediate regions (*ANOVA, P = 0.013 compared to anterior) probably due to the higher water content and random fiber arrangement in this region. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 The results of solute diffusional anisotropy in five regions of the TMJ disc (n = 11). (The data shown were means and the error bar was a 95% CI.) The results of FA showed the region-dependent solute diffusion properties in the TMJ disc. The anterior region had lower FA than other four regions (*ANOVA, P = 0.0002). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 The results of collagen fiber alignment anisotropy in five regions of the TMJ disc (n = 11). (The data shown were means and the error bar was a 95% CI.) The measurements of coherency coefficient demonstrated the region-dependent collagen fiber alignment properties in the TMJ disc. The anterior region had lower coherency coefficient than other four regions (*ANOVA, P < 0.0001) likely caused by the random fiber arrangement in the anterior region. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 SEM images of collagen fiber orientations in the TMJ disc. (A) In the XY plane, the collagen fibers aligned anteroposteriorly in the medial, intermediate and lateral regions. The collagen fibers run mediolaterally in the posterior region and fibers in both directions were found in the anterior region. (B) In the ZX plane, there was no clear fiber orientation in the anterior, medial, intermediate and lateral regions, but the fibers in the posterior region aligned mediolaterally. (C) In the ZY plane, AP fibers were found again in the medial, intermediate and lateral regions, and fibers with both orientations existed in the anterior region and were randomly distributed in the posterior region. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 SEM images of collagen fiber orientations in the TMJ disc. (A) In the XY plane, the collagen fibers aligned anteroposteriorly in the medial, intermediate and lateral regions. The collagen fibers run mediolaterally in the posterior region and fibers in both directions were found in the anterior region. (B) In the ZX plane, there was no clear fiber orientation in the anterior, medial, intermediate and lateral regions, but the fibers in the posterior region aligned mediolaterally. (C) In the ZY plane, AP fibers were found again in the medial, intermediate and lateral regions, and fibers with both orientations existed in the anterior region and were randomly distributed in the posterior region. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 SEM images of collagen fiber orientations in the TMJ disc. (A) In the XY plane, the collagen fibers aligned anteroposteriorly in the medial, intermediate and lateral regions. The collagen fibers run mediolaterally in the posterior region and fibers in both directions were found in the anterior region. (B) In the ZX plane, there was no clear fiber orientation in the anterior, medial, intermediate and lateral regions, but the fibers in the posterior region aligned mediolaterally. (C) In the ZY plane, AP fibers were found again in the medial, intermediate and lateral regions, and fibers with both orientations existed in the anterior region and were randomly distributed in the posterior region. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2013 21, 625-633DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2013.01.010) Copyright © 2013 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions