4 Labs, 1 Period Ready? Set?

Lab 3-1 Stream Abrasion Objective – determine the factors which affect the rate at which rocks abrade in running water

Procedure Place 100 grams each of limestone, quartz and halite chips in a container with equal amounts of water Shake for 3 minutes, then weigh the remaining chips. Put chips back in the container and repeat

Conclusions The __________chips weather the most HALITE The __________chips weather the most The __________chips weather the least The halite chips __________ because they are soluble in water The limestone chips _________ because they have a low __________. The quartz chips don’t weather very much because they have a high ___________ . QUARTZ DISSOLVE ABRADE HARDNESS HARDNESS

Write this on your paper Four factors that affect weathering rate are: Hardness Solubility Angularity Time of abrasion

Lab 3-2 Streamflow Objective – determine the relationship between stream velocity, volume and slope. Determine how these affect a stream’s ability to carry sediment

Procedure Construct a model stream using a piece of gutter placed at an angle over a sink. Turn on water at a low velocity, measure how long it takes bits of paper to travel the length of the “stream” Vary the angle of the “stream” and the velocity of the water.

Conclusions The greater the slope of a stream the ___________ the velocity of the water. The greater the volume of water in a stream the ____________ the velocity The greater the slope of a stream, the ___________ the size of the particles it can carry The greater the volume of water in a stream, the __________ the size of the particles it can carry GREATER GREATER GREATER GREATER

Draw four qualitative graphs on your paper Slope of a stream vs. velocity of water Volume of water vs. velocity of water Slope of stream vs. particle size Volume of water vs. particle size Velocity of water Slope of a stream

3-3 Deposition of Sediments Objective – determine the factors that control the rate of sediment deposition in quiet water

Procedure Fill a plastic column with water Drop sediment of various sizes, density, and shapes into the column, measuring the time it takes for each to hit the bottom.

Conclusions The larger the sediment, the ________ the settling time The larger the sediment the _________ the settling rate The denser the sediment the ________ the settling time The denser the sediment the ________ the settling rate SMALLER FASTER SMALLER FASTER

Conclusions The rounder the sediment, the _________ the settling time SMALLER The rounder the sediment, the _________ the settling time The rounder the particles the ________ the settling rate FASTER

Draw SIX qualitative graphs on your paper Sediment size vs. settling time Sediment size vs. settling rate Density of sediment vs. settling time Density of sediment vs. settling rate Roundness of sediment vs. settling time Roundness of sediment vs. settling rate

3-4 Model of an Erosional-Depositional system Objective – analyze the patterns of erosion and deposition using a model of a stream

Procedure Construct a model of a stream using a stream table Make observations of the stream and the delta as the stream evolves

Conclusions As streams evolve, they create meanders When a stream enters a quiet body of water, a delta forms

Draw two qualitative graphs on your paper Stream age vs. width of valley bottom Stream age vs. stream gradient

Label Locations of Erosion and Deposition

Draw sediment that is deposited on the bottom when a stream enters a quiet body of water.