Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 1

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Objectives: Describe the structures of the skeletal system and their functions. Explain how the muscular system functions. Describe how the human body respires. Describe how nutrients and oxygen are obtained and transported through the human body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 2

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Warm up: Q1- CW 1 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 3

What forms your skeletal system? Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What forms your skeletal system? 1- Bones. 2- Cartilage. 3- ligaments. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 4

2- Cartilage: 3- Ligaments: Cartilage cushions the ends of Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 2- Cartilage: Cartilage cushions the ends of bones and forms flexible parts such as your ears and nose. 3- Ligaments: The place where two or more bones meet is called a joint. Ligaments connect bones at joints. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 5

1-Bones: Bones are organs that : 1- Support the body. Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 1-Bones: Bones are organs that : 1- Support the body. 2- Protect the internal body parts. 3-Allow movement. 4- Store minerals(calcium) in the outer layer. 5- Make blood cells in the spongy inner layer which is called marrow. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 6

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Exit slip: Q2 CW 1 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 7

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Joints: Some joints, like those in the skull, don’t move. Other joints allow movement. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 8

Types of Joints: 1-Ball-and-Socket Joints : allow circular movement, Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Types of Joints: 1-Ball-and-Socket Joints : allow circular movement, like the joint in your shoulder. 2-Hinge Joints: allow back-and-forth movement, like the hinge in your knee. 3-Pivot Joints: allow rotation from side to side, like the joint in your neck. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 9

Q3-CW 1 Word bank: a- Back and forth movement. Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q3-CW 1 Word bank: a- Back and forth movement. Movement in a complete circle Side to side and rotational movement. b- c- Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 10

What makes up our Muscular System? Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What makes up our Muscular System? Muscles are organs that contract to produce movement in the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 11

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Types of Muscles : There are three types of muscles in the muscular system. 1- The heart is made of one type. 2- The walls of blood vessels and organs are made of another type of muscle. 3- A third type, the skeletal muscle, pulls bones to help us move. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 12

Q4 C.W 1: Word Bank: - Heart muscle - -help to move Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q4 C.W 1: Word Bank: - Heart muscle - -help to move Organ muscles - -pump blood skeletal muscles - controls how materials pass through them Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 13

What controls our Muscles? Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What controls our Muscles? Muscle movement can be involuntary or voluntary. Involuntary movements: -Happen without thinking about them, like your heart beating. Voluntary movements: -Can be controlled, such as running and playing. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 14

How do muscles work? Tendons are strong bands of Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? How do muscles work? Tendons are strong bands of tissues that connect skeletal muscles to bones. Muscles often work in pairs. When one muscle contracts, the other muscle in the pair relaxes. The contracting muscle moves the bone that it’s attached to. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 15

Q5 C.W 1: Choose: Bend - straighten Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q5 C.W 1: Choose: Bend - straighten Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 16

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q6 C.W 1: Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 17

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q7 C.W 1: Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 18

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Breathe In, Breathe Out Organs in the respiratory system bring in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 19

Respiratory System: 1-Nose: Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Respiratory System: 1-Nose: Air enters the body through the nose or mouth. 2-Trachea: -Air flows through a tube in the throat called the trachea. 3-Bronchi: -The trachea branches into two smaller tubes called bronchi 4-Lungs: - The main organs of the respiratory system, are spongy organs that expand to fill with air. 5-Bronchioles: -Bronchi branch into many bronchioles in the lungs. 6-Alveoli: -Tiny sacs called alveoli are attached to bronchioles. They inflate and deflate as you inhale and exhale. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 20

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Breathe In, Breathe Out Red blood cells in the alveoli absorb oxygen. Identify the blood vessels and alveoli. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 21

Q1 C.W 2: Word bank: Bronchi Alveoli Trachea Bronchioles Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q1 C.W 2: Word bank: Bronchi Alveoli Trachea Bronchioles Carbon dioxide oxygen Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 22

Asthma Attack Constricted Airways Asthma is an illness that Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Asthma Attack Constricted Airways Asthma is an illness that makes it hard for a person to breathe. During an asthma attack, bronchi become swollen, making airways smaller. This makes it much harder to get air in and out of the lungs. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 23

Asthma Attack Management Triggers Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Asthma Attack Triggers Management People can try to avoid asthma triggers; however, people can’t always avoid pollen or air pollution. A doctor can prescribe an inhaler, a device that delivers medication to the lungs. The inhaler releases a mist that can help open up airways. The exact causes of asthma aren’t known. Some people are born with asthma, while for other people, smoke, air pollution, and allergies can trigger an asthma attack. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 24

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What pumps your blood? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 25

What makes up your circulatory system? Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? What makes up your circulatory system? 1-The Heart : -It is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. -It contracts in two phases. When the top part relaxes, it fills with blood. When it contracts, this top part squeezes blood to the lower part. When the lower part contracts, it squeezes blood from the heart into vessels and all parts of the body. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 26

2-The Blood : Blood is made up of a clear Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 2-The Blood : Blood is made up of a clear liquid called plasma and small structures called blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. White blood cells help fight disease and microbes. Platelets stop bleeding by forming clots. Plasma carries nutrients Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 27

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q 2 C.W 2: Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 28

3-The Vessels: Arteries: - carry blood away from the heart. Veins: Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? 3-The Vessels: Arteries: - carry blood away from the heart. Veins: - bring blood back to the heart from the lungs and the body. Capillaries: - Oxygen, nutrients, and carbon dioxide pass through capillaries, or tiny vessels with very thin walls, to parts of the body and into the blood. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 29

Unit 3 Lesson 4 How Do Our Bodies Move, Breathe, and Circulate Blood? Q3 C.W 2: Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company 30