Cell Structure and Function

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Cell Structure and Function
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Presentation transcript:

Cell Structure and Function Chapter 3 Cell Structure and Function

Cell Theory Cell Theory states: All organisms are made of cells All existing cells are produced by other living cells The cell is the most basic unit of life

Contributors to Cell Theory Robert Hooke (1665) noticed sliced cork had cells when viewed under a microscope Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1674) perfected the microscope and examined pond water Matthias Schleiden (1838) was the first to note that plants are made of cells Theodor Schwann (1839) concluded that all living things are made of cells Rudolf Virchow (1855) proposed that all cells come from other cells

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus Eukaryotic cells have evolved to include complex structures like mitochondria

Cells are Composed of… Cytoplasm – a jellylike substance that contains dissolved macromolecules and other minerals Organelles – structures specialized to perform distinct processes inside a cell, such as make energy, process proteins and house DNA Cytoskeleton – a network of structural proteins that is constantly changing to meet the need of the cell

Cell Membrane Forms a boundary between the cell and the outside environment Controls the passage of materials into and out of the cell Consists of a double layer of phospholipids interspersed with a variety of other assistive molecules, like transport proteins

Cell Membrane

Diffusion and Osmosis

Active Transport

Endocytosis and Exocytosis

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