World War I – Day 7 Identify the goals of President Wilsons 14 Points Summarize the terms of the Treaty of Versailles Discuss global impact of WWI

Bell Work 2 What did Senator Everett Dirkson die of just after griping, “They’ve taken my cigarettes away”? Lung Cancer In what ways did World War I change the role of federal government in American life? It had to raise money to support the war and became more involved in peoples lives. Analyze political cartoons on following slides. Time Table Bell Work – 10 min. Lecture Notes – 30 min. WWI in Color – 15 min.

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WWI Aftermath Wilson’s Fourteen Points Although celebration was justified, Wilson had the challenge of peace on his mind. Wilson had been working with advisors since 1917 on terms for world peace.

He developed the Fourteen Points program. Nine points dealt with the issue of self-determination- the right of people to govern themselves. Other points focused on causes of modern war: arms races, secret diplomacy, violations of freedom of the seas, and trade barriers. The final point -the establishment of the League of Nations- was the heart of the program.

The Paris Peace Conference American’s received Wilson’s Fourteen points, the Allies not so much and the Germans not at all. On December 4, 1918 Woodrow Wilson was the first President to cross the Atlantic while in office. He was received as a hero.

The Peace conference was dominated by the Big Four President Wilson British Prime Minister David Lloyd George French Premier Georges Clemenceau Italian Prime Minister Vittorio Orlando

The other three wanted Germany to be held financially responsible for the war by making huge reparations. They also wanted several secret spoils-of-war treaties honored. These demands violated many of the principles in Wilsons peace plan. After six months, delegates agreed to a peace treaty. The Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919 just outside Paris. Secretary of State Robert Lancing felt “the terms of peace appear immeasurably harsh and humiliating.”

German colonies and the Ottoman Empire were divided among the Allied nations. The treaty created the new nations of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. It also re-established Estonia, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland as independent nations. France re-claimed Alsace-Lorraine. Germany was disarmed, forced to admit full responsibility for the war and charged billions of dollars in reparations.

Wilson strongly opposed some of the Allies more extreme demands. A League of Nations was included in the treaty, however. This agreement required nations to attempt to resolve issues peacefully. The Senate could not agree on the treaty, by the time Wilson left office the League of Nations was established in Geneva, Switzerland, without U.S. participation.

The Global Impact of the War World wide over 8.5 million people died and another 21 million were injured. The war left the industry of much of continental Europe in ruins. Businesses still in operation couldn’t meet demand. In Europe nations competed for territories that they thought the treaty ought to have granted them. Arab nations in the Middle East had sided with the Allies in hopes for freedom from the Ottoman Empire. Instead they found themselves under French and British authority.