Monthly Starting Salary (TRL) Monthly Starting Salaries for a sample of 12 business school graduates Graduate Monthly Starting Salary (TRL) 1 2,020 2 2,075 3 2,125 4 2,040 5 1,980 6 1,955 7 2,050 8 2,165 9 2,070 10 2,260 11 2,060 12

A student scored 65 on statistics test that had a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, she scored 30 on history test with a mean of 25 and a standard deviation of 5. Compare her relative positions on the two tests

Test A: X=38 Sample Mean=40 St. Dev.=5 Test B: X=94 Sample Mean=100 Find z-scores for each test, and state which is higher. Test A: X=38 Sample Mean=40 St. Dev.=5 Test B: X=94 Sample Mean=100 St. Dev.=10

A X=12 Sample Mean=10 St. Dev.=4 B X=170 Sample Mean=120 St. Dev.=32 C Which score has the highest relative position. A X=12 Sample Mean=10 St. Dev.=4 B X=170 Sample Mean=120 St. Dev.=32 C X=180 Sample Mean=60 St. Dev.=8

The mean price of houses in a certain neighborhood is 50,000 USD and standard deviation is 10,000 USD. Find the price range for which at least 75% of the houses will sell.

Why do we need the standard deviation? 1- The standard deviation reflects dispersion of data values, so that the dispersion of different distributions may be compared by using standard deviations. 2- The standard deviation permits the precise interpretation of data values within a distributions. 3- The standard deviation, like the mean, is a member od a mathematical system which permits its use in more advanced statistical considerations.

EMPIRICAL RULES 1- About 68% of the values will lie within 1 standard deviation of the mean, that is, between x̄ - s and x̄ + s; 2- About 95% of the values will lie within 2 standard deviation of the mean, that is, between x̄ - 2s and x̄ + 2s; 3- About 99.7% of the values will lie within 3 standard deviation of the mean, that is, between x̄ - 3s and x̄ + 3s;

Problem Based on a survey of dental practitioners, the study reported that the mean number of units of local anesthetics used per week by dentists was 79, with a standard deviation of 23. Suppose we want to determine the percentage of dentists who use less than 102 units of local anesthetics per week. a- Assuming nothing is known about the shape of the distribution for the data, what percentage of dentists use less than 102 units of local anesthetics per week? b- Assuming that the data has a mound-shaped (bell-shaped or symmetric) distribution, what percentage of dentists use less than 102 units of local anesthetics per week?

Mean Standard Deviation Hand rubbing 35 59 Hand washing 69 106 Problem Based on the study to compare the effectiveness of washing the hands with soap and rubbing the hands with alcohol-based antiseptics. Table: Descriptive statistics on bacteria counts for the two groups of health care workers. Mean Standard Deviation Hand rubbing 35 59 Hand washing 69 106 a- For hand rubbers, form an interval that contains at least 75% of the bacterial counts. b- For hand washers, form an interval that contains at least 75% of the bacterial counts. (Note that the bacterial count cannot be less than 0) c- On the basis of your results in parts a and b, make an inference about the effectiveness of the two hand cleaning methods.