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Methods References Objectives Results Conclusions Neuroprotective Effect Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Human Embryonic Stem Cell -Conditioned Medium On Ischemic Stroke Model Afsaneh Asgari Taei1, Maryam Farahmandfar1, Gholamreza Hassanzadeh2, Leila Dargahi3, Sanaz Nasoohi4, Mehdi kadivar5 1Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Objectives Results Stem cell therapy is a promising approach for stroke[1]. Although low survival rates and potential tumorigenicity of implanted cells could reduce the efficacy of the cell-based treatment, recent investigations have proven that the use of stem cell-conditioned medium (CM) may be a feasible approach to overcome these limitations[2]. There are numerous cytokines and growth factors in the CM of various stem cells responsible for the paracrine protective effects of stem cells[3]. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of the conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human embryonic stem cell on infarct volume and neurological functions in ischemic stroke model rats. Our results indicated that 90 min occlusion of the artery caused impairments in sensory-motor functions in the ischemic rats. Furthermore, i.c.v injection of the CM improved functional recovery in the treatment group after the stroke. Volume analysis revealed that animals subjected to treatment with CM had significantly smaller infarcts than controls. Effects of administration of conditioned medium on infarct volume Conclusions Methods In this study, the therapeutic effects of the CM against stroke were confirmed in an animal model. Ischemic stroke was induced by standard right middle cerebral artery occlusion method (MCAO) in the 8-week old wister male rats. Injection of the CM or DMEM (5µl) was respectively done into the left lateral ventricle of the treatment and control animals from one hour following the surgery to the second day after MCAO induction (three doses). Behavioral tests including the cylinder and modified neurological severity score (mNSS) were performed on 3 and 7 days after the injury. Infarct volumes were evaluated on 3 and 7 days after the MCAO by the 2,3,5 triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining method. References 1. Lindvall, O. and Z. Kokaia, Stem Cell Research in Stroke How Far From the Clinic? Stroke, 2011. 42(8): p. 2369-2375. 2. Cho, Y.J., et al., Therapeutic effects of humanadipose stem cell‐conditioned medium on stroke. Journal of neuroscience research, 2012. 90(9): p. 1794-1802. Effects of administration of conditioned medium on functional recovery in MCAo rats 3. Teixeira, F.G., et al., Mesenchymal stem cells secretome: a new paradigm for central nervous system regeneration? Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2013. 70(20): p. 3871-3882.