The Parkfield Experiment

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Earthquake Prediction Methods. Earthquake predictions  Because earthquakes do not happen on regular intervals it is difficult to predict when the next.

Advertisements

Earthquake Makeup Bellwork

Ch 6 Review Earthquakes.

Recurrence Intervals Frequency – Average time between past seismic events – aka “recurrence interval” Recurrence Interval = Average slip per major rupture.

Chapter 19 Review Earthquakes.

Section 19.3 – Measuring and Locating Earthquakes

Fine-scale structure of the San Andreas fault zone and location of the SAFOD target earthquakes Thurber, Roecker, Zhang, Baher, and Ellsworth Geophysical.

Bay Area Faults and Earth Material. Bay Area Faults.

Guided Notes about Earthquakes and Society

April Exploring a collaboration between Caltech and the Singaporean government Forecasting giant earthquakes of the Sumatran subduction zone and.

UseIT Tutorial # 3 Earthquakes in the Southern California Fault System Tom Jordan June 16, 2011.

Magnitude verses Intensity!

The Parkfield Earthquake Experiment John Langbein USGS; Menlo Park, CA.

Segments of the San Andreas Fault Historically, the San Andreas has been divided up into individual fault segments that range from tens to hundreds of.

Earthquakes occur on faults Active Fault. Earthquakes Create Seismic Waves.

MAGNITUDE 7.6 EARTHQUAKE OCCURS OFFSHORE COSTA RICA September 5, 2012 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina,

By: Bradley Z.. These are some pictures of the destruction.

Time-independent hazard-random process in time: used for building design, planning, insurance, probability Time-dependent hazard-a degree of predictability,

Chapter 11: Earthquakes. Introduction Earthquake: Vibration of the Earth produced by rapid release of energy Most often caused by slippage along a fault.

Assignment 10/ Copy down the notes, cornell style. I have put stars next to the notes which are usually highlighted Answer the Concept Checks.

A strong quake measuring 7.3 struck offshore from the Central American country of Honduras early Thursday. This earthquake killed at least six people,

Bill Ellsworth U.S. Geological Survey Near-Source Observations of Earthquakes: Implications for Earthquake Rupture and Fault Mechanics JAMSTEC International.

GEO 6950 Reviews in Earth Science, Fall 2011 Topic 2 Tectonics of Western North America 11. San Andreas Fault System Carrie Welker and Alex Turner.

Measuring Earthquakes. (1) How are earthquakes studied? – or, seismograph, an instrument that measures ground vibrations seismometer – or, seismograph,

Earthquakes (Chapter 13). Lecture Outline What is an earthquake? Seismic waves Epicenter location Earthquake magnitude Tectonic setting Hazards.

Inside Earth Chapter 2 Earthquakes 2.2 Earthquakes and Seismic Waves.

Izmet, Turkey Earthquake By Molly Sumpter. Outline ► tectonic setting of Turkey, North Anatolian Fault ► August 17, 1999 event ► outcomes, what was learned.

California Earthquakes Through an historical perspective.

An aerial view of the area around the Abruzzo capital L'aquila. REUTERS/Livio Anticoli/Pool Magnitude 6.3 CENTRAL ITALY Monday, April 06, 2009 at 01:32:42.

Earthquakes & Society –tsunami –seismic gap Objectives Discuss factors that affect the amount of damage done by an earthquake. Explain some of the factors.

On which faults have major earthquakes have occurred since the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake? The Great California ShakeOut.

Earth Science 8.1 Earthquakes Earthquakes.  Each year more than 30,000 earthquakes happen worldwide. Most are minor and do very little damage.  Only.

Warm Up 11/1 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of S waves? a. They cannot be transmitted through water or air. b. They shake particles at.

Living in Earthquake Country Concept Maps. Overview Evidence from past earthquakes can help us predict the amount of damage to expect from future earthquakes.

Scientific Drilling Into the San Andreas Fault zone San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD)

5 a day - Earthquakes Day How many seismic stations does it take to locate an earthquakes epicenter? 2. What is the name of the technique that we.

Earthquakes. What is an Earthquake? Earthquake—the vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy – Most often caused by slippage along a.

MEP Camp NEES EOT June 21, DISASTERS! Tsunamis Landslides Hurricanes Earthquakes etc. Nobody likes them so we better be prepared!

San Andreas, showing stream offset. San Andreas – Carrizo plain.

The Focus and Epicenter of an Earthquake The point within Earth where rock under stress breaks is called the focus The point directly above the focus on.

Chapter 8 Section 1 Earthquakes: Vibration of Earth created when there is a rapid release of energy Caused by slippage along a fault Faults are fractures.

19.4 – Earthquakes & Society. Damages  Death and injuries  Collapse of buildings  Landslides  Fires  Explosions  Flood waters.

Earthquake Forecasting and Prediction. Parkfield, CA.

  Video Field Trip 1.Describe how the meeting of two electronic plates can lead to an earthquake 2.Where does the greatest damage occur during an earthquake?

Earthquakes The Basics Learning intentions: To understand what causes earthquakes to happen and why earthquakes cause the damage they do.

Eg San Andreas Fault California

Section 4: Earthquakes and Society

PERU Antonio, Jasmine, and Axl! Period 2 October 15, 2013 Table 7.

Bridge across San Andreas Fault at Parkfield

Earthquakes EEn Explain how the rock cycle, plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes impact the lithosphere.

Lecture on Earthquakes result from Seismic Waves

SAN ANDREAS FAULT San Francisco Bay Area North American plate

Earthquake Facts 2.0 By Bree and Jess .

Understanding Earth Chapter 13: EARTHQUAKES Grotzinger • Jordan

MEASURING EARTHQUAKES

8.2 – Measuring Earthquakes – Part II

Faults and Earthquakes

Section 4: Earthquakes and Society

19.4 – Earthquakes & Society

8.3 – Destruction from Earthquakes

Using Distances to known Earthquake epicenters, create

Forces Within Earth Earthquakes are natural vibrations of the ground caused by movement along fractures in Earth’s crust, or sometimes, by volcanic eruptions.

Earthquakes and Fault Types

Title of Notes: Earthquakes!!

Measuring Earthquakes

Forces Within Earth Earthquakes are natural vibrations of the ground caused by movement along fractures in Earth’s crust, or sometimes, by volcanic eruptions.

Chapter 19 – Earthquakes.

MEASURING EARTHQUAKES

Presentation transcript:

The Parkfield Experiment Failure or Success?

Parkfield M 6.0 earthquake Tuesday, September 28, 2004 10:15 am local time Preceded by a M5.9 quake On the San Andreas Fault

San Andreas at Parkfield Juncture of the creeping and locked sections of the San Andreas Fault Parkfield Earthquakes in 1980

Historical Seismicity The wave forms of 1922, 1934 and 1966 quakes were very similar The next significant earthquake was supposed to happen 1988-1993

Characteristic Earthquake Each fault segment may rupture episodically with characteristic rupture area and recurrence interval

1857 rupture

Seismic Gap hypothesis The next segment to rupture will be the one that hasn’t in a while.

Creepmeters at Parkfield site Coseismic offset

Strain gauges at Parkfield site Coseismic distortion

SAFOD: San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth http://www.icdp-online.de/sites/sanandreas/news/news.html

2004: the experiment is a success The earthquake recurrence is every 22- 35 years. From SAFOD: Parkfield, the self-proclaimed earthquake capital of the world, was the location of a Magnitude 6 earthquake at 10:15am today. The epicenter was 15 miles south of the drill site on the San Andreas fault at a depth of 7.9 km. The drill site was subjected to fairly intense shaking but nobody was hurt and no significant damage was sustained. Scientists are thrilled to have witnessed "the Big One" and we anticipate a wealth of data associated with this event. Perus quake triggered a debris avalanche in Yungai resulting in 40,000 fatalities