Nat. Rev. Urol. doi: /nrurol

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Nat. Rev. Urol. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2016.45 Figure 1 Recent years have seen a surge in the use of AS for patients with low-risk (CAPRA 0–2) prostate cancer, from a low of 6.7% between 1990 and 2009 to 40.4% between 2010 and 2013 Figure 1 | Recent years have seen a surge in the use of AS for patients with low-risk (CAPRA 0–2) prostate cancer, from a low of 6.7% between 1990 and 2009 to 40.4% between 2010 and 2013. Conservative management is also being used for patients with intermediate-risk (CAPRA 3–5) disease in 7.6% of cases. Appropriate care delivery for high-risk prostate cancer (CAPRA 6–10) has also changed during this period, with a reduction in the inappropriate use of primary androgen deprivation therapy and an increase in radical prostatectomy (from 25.3% to 53.3% of high-risk cancers). AS, active surveillance; CAPRA, UCSF Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment Score; PADT, primary androgen deprivation therapy; RP, radical prostatectomy; RT, radiation therapy; WW, watchful waiting. Figure courtesy of Dr Matt Cooperberg and based on data from recent CaPSURE update10. Permission obtained from Nature Publishing Group © Murphy, D. G. & Loeb, S. Nat. Rev. Urol. 12, 604–605 (2015). Tosoian, J. J. et al. (2016) Active surveillance for prostate cancer: current evidence and contemporary state of practice Nat. Rev. Urol. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2016.45