FOSSIL FORMATION & TYPES OF FOSSILS

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
8-2.2 Vocabulary 10/21/14. Fossil: the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past, usually more than 10,000 years ago.
Advertisements

Notes on Fossils (from top left) are of a ammonite (marine); T-Rex; an ancient fish and a trilobite (marine). Earth/Space.
Fossils Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
Fossils.
+ FOSSILS. + OCTOBER 9, 2012 Schedule Critique Your Thinking Essay Due Friday Quiz Friday Lab Reports and Rock layer Models TURN IN if you have not. Do.
PRESERVED REMAINS OR TRACES OF AN ORGANISM THAT LIVED IN THE PAST.
What is a fossil? A fossil is the remains or evidence of any plant or creature that once lived on the earth.
Evolution and Fossils.
Define: Fossil Carbon film (carbonization) Petrified fossil (mineralization) Solid Cast Mold Trace Fossil.
The Fossil Record Darwinius masilae First primate?
Fossils Summarize how scientists study Earth’s past environment and diverse life-forms by examining different types of fossils (including.
Learning Targets 1.Identify a mold and cast fossil. 2.Identify a trace fossil. 3.Identify a petrified fossil. 4.Identify preserved remains. 5.Identify.
Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed? What are the different kinds of fossils? What do fossils tell about how organisms have changed.
State Standards Geology. Understand the history of Earth and its life forms based on evidence of change recorded in fossil records and landforms.
Monday, May 2 nd Big Idea: What are fossils? Daily target: I can examine fossils and interpret evolution and time periods. Homework: Hand adaptation (5/3)
FOSSILS PRESERVED REMAINS OR TRACES OF AN ORGANISM THAT LIVED IN THE PAST.
.. 2 Notebook #5 April 13, E.6A.4 Following these notes you will be able to construct and analyze scientific arguments to support claims that different.
8.E.6A.2 Analyze and interpret data from index fossil records and the ordering of rock layers to infer the relative age of rocks and fossils.
Fossils 8.E.6A.4 Construct and analyze scientific arguments to support claims that different types of fossils provide evidence of (1) the diversity of.
October 12th, 2016 MISSION: National Fossil Day is a celebration organized by the National Park Service to promote public awareness and stewardship of.
Fossils PowerPoint.
A Trip Through Geologic Time
Fossils.
How do we know about the past? Fossils.
History of Life Section 14.1.
Traces of the Distant Past
The remains or impression of an organism that lived long ago.
Specific conditions are needed for fossilization.
FOSSILS Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
Fossils Earth & Environmental.
Unit 3 Earth History: Day 8
A Trip Through Geologic Time
How to tell time with rocks
Fossils.
KEY CONCEPT Specific environmental conditions are necessary in order for fossils to form. Tollund man 2200 yrs. Ago Found in a peat bog in Denmark.
Evidence for Evolution- The Record of Life
Chapter 13:1 Fossils.
Evolution through FOSSILS.
A Trip Through Geologic Time
PRESERVED REMAINS OR TRACES OF AN ORGANISM THAT LIVED IN THE PAST.
Fossils.
What is a fossil? What do fossils tell us?
What is a fossil? What do fossils tell us?
Dinosaur Fossil Phenomenon
Fossils Essential Questions:
Question How do you think fossils form?
Fossils!.
Fossils!.
They are always changing!!
What is a fossil? What do fossils tell us?
Paleontology Presentation
Fossils: Windows into the Past
Chapter 13:1 Fossils.
The fossil record Chapter 8 section 3.
A Trip Through Geologic Time
Fossils Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
Fossils.
Dating & Fossils Pp and
<< fossils >>
Chapter F3 Fossilized Organisms
Fossils Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
Fossils Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
Paleontology Presentation
Fossils Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
A Trip Through Geologic Time
POD # 10 Paleontologists What is one thing that you have learned about a paleontologists? How do paleontologist classify organisms? How can fossils tell.
Fossils Essential Questions: What are fossils and how are they formed?
Question How do you think fossils form?
Fossil Notes.
Fossils Ch. 13 Section1.
Presentation transcript:

FOSSIL FORMATION & TYPES OF FOSSILS 8.E.6A.4 Construct and analyze scientific arguments to support claims that different types of fossils provide evidence of (1) the diversity of life that has been present on Earth, (2) relationships between past and existing life forms, and (3) environmental changes that have occurred during Earth’s history.

FOSSIL RECORD Fossils are mineral replacements, preserved remains, or traces of organisms that lived in the past. The collection of fossils and their placement in chronological order is known as the fossil record. It documents the existence, diversity, extinction, and change of many life forms and environmental changes throughout the history of life on Earth.

FOSSIL RECORD

GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE

Thousands of layers of sedimentary rock not only provide evidence of the history of Earth itself but also of changes in organisms whose fossil remains have been found in those layers.

Erosion and weathering of sedimentary rock layers can cause the destruction of fossils and result in gaps in the fossil record.  Certain environmental conditions favor certain fossil formations. Therefore, the type of fossils found in an area can explain the environmental changes that have occurred.

RAPID BURIAL The rapid burial of organisms, which is more likely to occur in marine environments, results in a greater likelihood that the remains of marine organisms will be preserved. Flash floods and volcanic ash falls help preserve land organisms.

Certain fossilized organisms could only live in specific environments or under particular climate conditions. Extinction of life forms as well as how and when new life forms appeared is part of the fossil record. Fossils can show structural similarities and differences in organisms over time revealing the vast diversity of life forms that have and continue to exist on Earth.

DIVERSITY OF LIFE/DIFFERENT LIFEFORMS

Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record enable the understanding of the diversity of life that has been present on Earth. Comparisons between living organisms and fossils also allow scientists to make inferences about the lines of descent.

MAKING INFERENCE

Fossil Formation In the first step of fossil formation an animal or plant must die in or near water or near enough to fall in shortly after death. In the following example a trilobite has died of old age on the bottom of the sea. Bacteria consume the soft body parts but leave the hard exoskeleton intact.

2nd Step: Sedimentation As time passes sediments bury the exoskeleton. The faster this happens the more likely fossilization will occur. Land and mud slides definitely help. River deltas are also good for quick accumulation of sediments. This further insulates our trilobite from decomposition. Now we have fossil formation in progress.

3rd Step Permineralization .The sediment goes through compression and cementation. The exoskeleton is replaced and turned into minerals. If mineral-rich water percolates down through the sediments, the fossil formation process has an even better chance of preserving our ancient animal. Some of the minerals stick to the particles of sediment, effectively gluing them together into a solid mass.. In time the entire shell is replaced leaving rock in the exact shape of the trilobite or animal. That is fossil formation at work.

4th Step: Uplift As the continental plates move around the earth, crashing into each other, mountains are formed. Former sea floors are lifted up and become dry land. This is exactly what has happened to our trilobite in the picture below. Now fossil formation is complete but our trilobite is buried under hundreds or even thousands of feet of rock! Thanks to the movement of the plates, our trilobite or fossil will come closer to the surface and nearer to discovery by some fortunate fossil hunter. Luckily nothing stays the same.

5th Step: Erosion at work Fossil formation is revealed by weathering and erosion. Wind, rain, freeze and thaw, even earthquakes will help force the trilobite out of its burial ground and out into the light. If he or she is lucky enough, the trilobite will reveal itself in time to be spotted by a rock-hunter or fossil-digger. Who knows? It could even be YOU!

Check Point 1. What is a fossil record? 2. How would you explain rapid burial? 3. What helps preserve land organism in rapid burial? 4. What are the steps to fossil formation (short form)?

TYPES OF FOSSILS Mold fossil – forms when sediments bury an organism and the sediments change into rock; the organism decays leaving a cavity in the shape of the organism. (CAKE PAN) Cast fossil – forms when a mold is filled with sand or mud that hardens into the shape of the organism. (THE CAKE)

Petrified fossil (permineralized fossil) – forms when minerals soak into the buried remains, replacing the remains, and changing them into rock. Preserved fossil – forms when entire organisms or parts of organisms are prevented from decaying by being trapped in rock, ice, tar, or amber.

PETRIFIED

PRESERVED

Carbonized fossil – forms when organisms or parts, like leaves, stems, flowers, fish, are pressed between layers of soft mud or clay that hardens squeezing almost all the decaying organism away leaving the carbon imprint in the rock. Trace fossil – forms when the mud or sand hardens to stone where a footprint, trail, or burrow of an organism was left behind.

THE SIX TYPES OF FOSSILS NAME THAT FOSSIL

FOSSIL A FOSSIL B

FOSSIL A FOSSIL B

FOSSIL A FOSSIL B

Check Point 1. How would you explain the 6 types of fossils? (use key words) 2. Which type of rock are fossils are more likely to form in?