Corbin Frye, Taylor Galpern, Julie Ghekas ALCOHOLS Corbin Frye, Taylor Galpern, Julie Ghekas

Alcohols in Action… Alcoholic beverages Methanol and ethanol Industrial, medical Perfumes/essences The word alcohol is most commonly referenced to ethanol, the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. The odor in alcohol comes from the fermented sugars in the ethanol. Methanol and ethanol are the simplest and most commonly used alcohols. Because it is used in alcoholic beverages, ethanol is the most widely used depressant in the world. This led way to the term alcoholism, or addiction to alcohol. Ethanol is also

Functional Group: Alcohols …a hydroxyl group (-OH) bound to a single carbon atom. General Formula: CnH2n+1OH

Identification of Alcohols

Naming Alcohol Groups Step 1: Find the alcohol (-OH) Step 2: Name the parent chain Step 3: Determine the carbon that the alcohol is coming off of Step 4: Drop the –e off the parent chain’s name Step 5: Add –ol to the end of the name Step 6: The number can be placed before name or between the parent chain and –ol

Variations to Alcohol Groups Can have multiple alcohol groups off of one parent chain Named –diol, -triol, -tetraol, etc. Don’t take off the last e on the parent chain. Ethylene glycol 2,3-butandiol

Variations cont… Can have parent chains other than alkanes Named as alkenol, alkynol, benzenol (phenol), etc. Can have iso-, sec-, tert- in naming Names the carbon that holds the alcohol t-butanol phenol

Examples

Practice Naming…

Answers… ethanol pentan-3-ol

Drawing… Step 1: draw parent chain; number of carbons will be indicated by prefix (i.e. meth, eth, prop…) Note bond type (i.e. -ene/-yne) Step 2: find the number carbon the group corresponds to Step 3: draw the attached group

Examples… 1-propanol 2-methylhex-4-en-1,3-diol

Answers… 1-propanol 2-methylhex-4-en-1,3-diol

Priority…we’re #1 Greatest in priority… Alcohols Alkenes Alkynes Halides Nitro Alkanes phenyl

Examples…

Answers… 3-methylpentan-2-ol 3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol