Ceramics Kulinich Ekaterina, Ph.D, Chair of Silicate Technology and Nanotechnology.

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Presentation transcript:

Ceramics Kulinich Ekaterina, Ph.D, Chair of Silicate Technology and Nanotechnology

Сeramics - is an inorganic, non-metallic solid material prepared by the action of heat and next cooling. Ceramic materials have a crystalline or partly crystalline structure

Ceramic materials are brittle, hard, strong in compression, weak in shearing and tension

Ceramics in general stable in very high temperatures (from 1,000°C to 1,600°C).

Traditional ceramic raw materials include: -clay minerals (kaolinite) -aluminiumoxide (feldspare) -silica (sand)

The word "ceramic" comes from the Greek word κεραμικός (keramikos) meaning pottery -domestic -industrial -building -technical -art objects

Types of ceramic products (4 groups:) Structural ceramics (bricks, pipes, floor and roof tiles Structural ceramics (bricks, pipes, floor and roof tiles Refractories ceramics (kiln linings, fire radiants, steel and glass making crucibles) Refractories ceramics (kiln linings, fire radiants, steel and glass making crucibles) Whitewares (tableware, wall tiles, pottery products, and sanitary ware) Whitewares (tableware, wall tiles, pottery products, and sanitary ware) Technical Ceramics (Space Shuttle program, ballistic protection, nuclear fuel pellets, bio-medical implants, blades, and bombs) Technical Ceramics (Space Shuttle program, ballistic protection, nuclear fuel pellets, bio-medical implants, blades, and bombs)

Whiteware ceramics Bone china Bone china Bone china Bone china calcined cattle bone (bone ash) Characteristics: high whiteness, translucency and strength

Production of bone china usually involves a two stages: firing of bisque (items without a glaze) at the temperature 1280 °C firing of bisque (items without a glaze) at the temperature 1280 °C glaze (glost) fired at a lower temperature (below 1080 °C) glaze (glost) fired at a lower temperature (below 1080 °C)

Earthenware Earthenware Earthenware 25% clay, clay 28% kaolin, kaolin 32% quartz, quartz 15% feldspar feldspar

Porcelain Porcelain Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln by the temperatures from1,200 °C to 1,400 °C.

Classification of technical ceramics OxidesOxides ceramics: alumina, zirconia Oxides Non-oxides ceramics: Carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides Non-oxides ceramics: Carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides Non-oxides ceramics: Non-oxides ceramics: Composites: сombinations of oxides and non-oxides. Composites: сombinations of oxides and non-oxides. Composites

Other applications of ceramics knives knives

Ball bearings Ceramic balls can be used to replace steel in ball bearings Ceramic balls can be used to replace steel in ball bearings

ceramic engine (which can run at a temperature of over 3300°C)

Bio-ceramics -dental implants -synthetic bones - coatings - bone fillers

Main objects Definition of ceramics Definition of ceramics History of ceramics History of ceramics Types of ceramics Types of ceramics Using of ceramics Using of ceramics

Thank you for your attention