Introduction To ROUTING PROTOCOLS BY: ADUAIT POKHRIYAL ID. No 34915 3rd Year COMPUTER ENGINEERING

Routers : Routers are used to connect networks together and route packets of data from one network to another providing best available path for transmission. Protocols : Protocols are set of rules that govern data communications. It represents an agreement between the communicating devices. Without a protocol, two devices may be connected but not communicating.

Types of Routers Core Layer Distribution Layer Access Layer Fixed : 2500 Series(2503,2509) Modular : 2600 Series(2620)

Study of Router Routing Protocols : Protocols that defines algorithms to be used for updating routing tables between routers. Examples : IGRP, RIP, OSPF Routed Protocols : Routed protocols are used to transmit user data through an internetwork. Examples : SPX(Sequecne packet exchange), IPX(Internet packet exchange) Routed protocols travels with the data.

A routing protocol defines the set of rules used by a router when it communicates routing information between neighbour routers.

Default Routing Use for only stub networks. (i.e., with only one exit path.) It is easy to impliment. Can be implimented on cheap router. Not much changes in configuration for small change in network.

Static Routing Manually add routes in router's routing table. Secure Administrator should have knowledge how router is connected in order to configure routes correctly. Can be applied to cheap routers.

Dynamic Routing Find Network and Update. Cost CPU processes. Types: Distance Vector Link State Hybrid

Distance Vector Best Path by judging Distance. Example : RIP,IGRP Send entire Routing table to directly connected neighbours.

Link State Shortest Path first 3 seperate tables. (1) Track of directly attached neighbors (2) Topology of entire network (3) Routing Table Example : OSPF

Use aspects of both distance vector and link state. Example : EIGRP Hybrid Use aspects of both distance vector and link state. Example : EIGRP

RIP V1:(Routing Information Protocol) Public Protocol Classfull i.e.,No Subnetting/VLSM/IPv6 Max Hop Count 15 Update Time 30 sec Administrative Distance 120 RIP V2: Classless public IGRP:(Interior Gateway Routing Protocol) Autonomous Number Update Time 90 sec Administrative Distance 100 Max Hop Count 255 Cisco OSPF:(Open Shortest path First) Hop count limit : None Public EIGRP:

Simulations