Chapter 1. General Principles

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 1. General Principles

Energy Units calorie - basic unit of heat kilocalorie - 1000 calories Calorie - same as kilocalorie

Function of Food Growth and development Energy Carbohydrates Fats Protein Regulation of metabolism Vitamins Minerals Proteins

Nutrients Caloric Nutrients Non-Caloric Nutrients Carbohydrates: 4 kilocalories/gram Fats: 9 kilocalories/gram Proteins: 4 kilocalories/gram (Alcohol: 7 kilocalories/gram) Non-Caloric Nutrients Vitamins Minerals Water

Essential Nutrients Required for normal growth, health, survival. Not synthesized in the body at levels required for normal growth, health, survival. Must be consumed in diet.

Nutrient Requirement Standards Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) EAR ± 2 SD Adequate Intake (AI) Tolerable Upper Intake (UL)

Factors Affecting Nutrient Standards Country Gender\ lactation Age

Food Label with Daily Values. 1) Better by Design How to recognize the new food labels. 2) Size Up the Situation All serving sizes are created equal. 5) Trust Adjectives Descriptions have legal definitions. • GOOD SOURCE OF FIBER • LOWFAT 4) Rate It Right Scan the % Daily Values. 6) Read Health Claims with Confidence The nutrient link to disease prevention. Many factors affect cancer risk. Eating a diet low in fat and high in fiber may lower risk of this disease. 3) Look Before You Leap Use the Daily Values.