Chapters 3 Notes Matter 2.2 lbs = 1 kg 1 kg = 9.8 N

I.Classes of Matter -Matter exists as elements, compounds, mixtures, or solutions *Homogeneous matter: identical properties throughout. Ex: salt h20

*Heterogeneous matter: different properties Ex. Fruit salad, shovel of dirt

II. Mixtures pp41 *two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined.

A. Properties of Mixtures -substances keep their separate ident and most of their own prop. -may chng in physical appearance. Ex. Sugar and water, mp, bp

-subst can be present in any amnt. -subst can be separated out.  

B. Types of Mixtures 1.Heterogeneous mixture *particles are large enough to be seen and settle out. EX: concrete

*particles very small and do not settle out. EX: Stainless steel 2. Homogeneous mixture *particles very small and do not settle out. EX: Stainless steel http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WlAFh8pz8w&feature=PlayList&p=47BB099622F71994&index=10 #6(homo and hetero mixtures)

*Colloids: Larger particles but left in suspension Ex: smoke,

C. Solutions *one substance dissolves in another. Ex. Ocean water, tea, air.

-3 Important Prop of Solutions 1.part not large enough to be seen 2.part. are evenly spread out(all parts of sol are ident) 3.solution doesn’t settle out of time

*Alloy: solids dissolved in solids ex: brass, sterling silver DEMO

III. Elements *Pure Subst: made of only one kind of material and has definite prop *Element: simplest pure subst. ; cannot be chngd into simpler subst by heating or any chem process -Ex

  A.   Elements and Atoms pp39 *Atom: smallest particle of an element with the prop. of that element.

 B. Chem Symbols   *represent elements

*two or more elements chem. combined. Ex: sugar, baking soda, TNT IV. Compounds pp40 *two or more elements chem. combined. Ex: sugar, baking soda, TNT

A compound is two or more elements combined together. This is a picture of a salt compound.

 -Can be broken down into simp subst. >by heating, electricity

-The prop of a cmpnd are very diff from the prop of the elements in it.  

*Molecules: 2 or more atoms chem. bonded together. -smallest particle of a cmpnd that has all the prop of that cmpnd.

A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that exists alone. This is a picture of a water molecule. It is two parts hydrogen and one part oxygen.

*Chemical Formulas: 1. What it is 2. How much

Chemical equation: description of a chem  *Chemical equation: description of a chem. rxn using symbols and formulas.

Chemical equation: What you put in What you get out How much

*Law of conservation of mass: *Law of conservation of nrg: *nrg: ability to do work pp77

*Diatomic Molecules: (super 7) Br, I, N, Cl, H, O, F

*Chemical Rxn: 1. Bubbles 2. Formation of a precipitate 3. Heat and light given off pp184