Analyze primary sources Generate ideas about the American governent C&E Unit 2: The Constitution: A Balance of Power Lesson One: Preamble & Structure of the Constitution LESSON ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What plan for government does the Constitution create? Warm UP (in UNIT 2 Note Journal): What is the best way to ensure that a government protects the rights and freedoms of its people? Key Lesson Vocabulary Extradition Limited government Article V – Constitutional amendment process Preamble Article I Article VI – Supremacy Clause Article II Article VII – ratification process Bicameral Article III Delegated Powers Article IV: Full Faith & Credit clause Reserved Powers Key Lesson Skills - Students should be able to: Analyze primary sources Generate ideas about the American governent

(See Rubric in Lesson Map) C&E Unit 2: The Constitution: A Balance of Power Lesson One: Preamble & Structure of the Constitution Performance Task (See Rubric in Lesson Map) Write (and then record or perform) a poem, song, cheer, or rap demonstrating your own ideas about the purpose of government. In other words, write your own version of a preamble to the Constitution. Website: www.mrggcivivcs.weebly.com DEADLINES & HOMEWORK: Lesson One: PT: Today Lesson Two: PT Lesson Three: PT Vocabulary Quiz: Lesson 4: PT Unit 2A Exam: Monday, October 5

House Keeping EXAM MAKE UPS: BY FRIDAY of this week On Folders: Last Name, First Name Lesson Maps: USE THEM Review Packets: DO THEM Class Website: A RESOURCE FOR YOU Progress reports at end of class today

What is the purpose of a Constitution? Constitution – written plan for government Describes the powers of government Creates process for selecting government Creates process for making important decisions States what rights people have LIMITS THE POWER OF GOV’T Who needs a constitution? Nations States Counties/cities (called CHARTERS) organizations

The Social Contract Many seemed unclear on our test, so… Social contract– an agreement people make to create a government People give up some freedoms in exchange for a promise from government to protect their natural rights Locke, Rousseau, and Montesquieu are all considered “social contract” philosophers Social contract theory developed during the enlightenment

The Constitution in 10 Minutes… With your partner, review the “summary of the constitution” handout Be prepared to report: What does each section/article deal with? (the WHAT) What makes this section/article IMPORTANT (the WHY) Assigned Sections: EVERYONE reads preamble & “7 ARTICLES” summary Article 1: Groups 1-4 Article 2: Groups 5-8 Article 3: Groups 9-12 Article 4: Groups 13 & 14 Article 5: Groups 15 & 16 Article 6: ALL GROUPS Article 7: BONUS!

Structure of the Constitution Preamble – describes the purpose & goal of the constitution and of government Article I – Sets up the Legislative Branch bicameral legislature, also called Congress, makes laws Bicameral means TWO PARTS: separate House & Senate Article II – Sets up the Executive Branch President, VP & Cabinet is the chief executive & enforces the laws made by congress Article III – Sets up the Supreme Court Judicial Branch (the courts) Decides court cases interprets the meaning of the constitution and other laws

Article 1-Legislative Branch (Makes Laws) BI-CAMERAL – two chambers: Senate Each state gets 2 seats 6 year terms House of Representatives Based on population 2 year terms

Article 2-The Executive Branch (Enforces Laws) President and Vice President Terms of 4 years Chosen by Electoral College

Article 3-The Judicial Branch (Interprets Laws) 1 Supreme Court Lower Courts

Article IV Reserves Powers to the States “reserved powers” are those that states keep “delegated powers” are those that the constitution gives the U.S. government States can set up their own governments and make their own laws Full Faith and Credit clause Each state’s citizens must repsect the laws of other states they may visit

Expressed / Delegated Powers “delegated powers” – powers that the constitution gives the FEDERAL government Also called “DELEGATED” powers; Clearly written down in the constitution

Article IV: Reserved Powers Delegated Powers See previous slide: Powers given to national/FEDERAL gov. by constitution Delegate – means GIVE “delegated powers” are things that the constitution clearly says that the federal government has jurisdiction over If a power is not granted by the constitution, the Federal government DOES NOT HAVE THAT POWER Reserved Powers Powers held by the States; Constitution says the Federal government can’t mess with this stuff, it’s not their job Concurrent powers – stuff that BOTH the state AND the federal government is responsible for

Delegated, Reserved, & Concurrent Powers

Article V – Amending the Constution Constitution CAN be changed, but it’s not easy 2/3 of congress must approve the change 67 senators 281 Representatives ¾ of the states must approve a change 38 states

Article VI: Federal Power Called the SUPREMACY CLAUSE means that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land (no higher law) All national and state laws must agree with / be consistent with the U.S. constitution In a conflict between State & Federal law, Federal law wins: IMPORTANT FOR Civil Rights: After the Civil Rights Act, southern states could not legally enforce segregation, even if they still wanted to Gives judges the authority to strike down State laws that violate the constitution This is called the power of JUDICIAL REVIEW conflict: same sex marriage; abortion rights

Article VII - Ratification Describes process for how each state would need to approve the constitution before it would go into effect

27 Amendments Listed AFTER the 7 articles These are the changes that have been made to the Constitution Only 27 in 235 years 1st ten are called “the Bill of Rights”

THE Preamble 1st part of Constitution States the purpose of the constitution I had to memorize the preamble in 7th grade – did any of you have to do that? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yx5d3haRG7M&feature=related

In PAIRS: Review each line of the preamble Brainstorm examples that represent the meaning / significance of each line Lines 1-2: Groups 1-4 Lines 3-4: Groups 5-8 Lines 5-6: Groups 9-12 Linces 7-8: Groups 11-16 Lines 9-10: Bonus

Preamble to the Constitution We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQ0cFFLqFvA

5 Principles of American Democracy Limited Government” --Government may do only those things that the people have given it power to do. “Rule of Law” -- alll people, including those who govern, are bound by the law. “Consent of the governed” -- The power of the government comes from the citizens. “Individual Rights” -- Individual rights are protected by government. “Representative Government” -- People elect government leaders to make laws and govern on their behalf. Textbook pp. 10-11

To to: Kahoot.it

(See Rubric in Lesson Map) C&E Unit 2: The Constitution: A Balance of Power Lesson One: Preamble & Structure of the Constitution Performance Task (See Rubric in Lesson Map) Write (and then record or perform) a poem, song, cheer, or rap demonstrating your own ideas about the purpose of government. In other words, write your own version of a preamble to the Constitution. Make it your own: Put it in your own words What does America means to you? what should it mean? Here’s a rap as an example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MQ0cFFLqFvA FINISH EARLY? Work on Review Packet