Warm Up 10/6: (Accessing old pathways!) What are the two cell types that all living organisms are made of? (Topic 1) What are two ways in which DNA differs between these two cell types? (Topic 1)

Warm Up 10/6: (Accessing old pathways!) What are the two cell types that all living organisms are made of? (Topic 1) Prokaryotic (Bacteria) & Eukaryotic (Animals, plants, fungi) 2) What are two ways in which DNA differs between these two cell types? A) In Eukaryotes, DNA is enclosed in membrane bound nucleus. In prokaryotes, DNA is “free floating”. (HL: DNA in Prokaryotes found in nucleoid) B) In Eukaryotes, DNA is linear. In prokaryotes, DNA is circular. (HL: Eukaryotic DNA associated with histone proteins to result in linear shape)

Comparing Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic DNA (Chromosomes)

Identifying the Nucleoid in an Electron Micrograph

Eukaryotic DNA – Identifying the Nucleus in an Electron Micrograph

What are plasmids? Plasmid: Small circular piece of DNA that contains “non-housekeeping” genes that may be advantageous Plasmids may be “shared” with other prokaryotes of the same species (Natural method of gene transfer) Ex: Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

What is a locus? Locus: the specific position of a gene on a chromosome

What is evolution? How can genes change on their own? Evolution: the change in genes in a population over time Mutations (DNA replication, protein synthesis, environmental influences) are ONE cause of evolution.

Classwork 10/6: Read “Comparing the genome sizes” (Page 153-154) & “Comparing chromosome numbers” (Page 155-156). Complete DBQs on Page 153 & 156 Read “Karyotypes & Down Syndrome” (Page 158) Complete DBQ on Page 159