Elements of Cinematography

Introduction to Cinematography Motion-picture photography, literally “writing in movement.” The basic unit of cinematography is the shot. Introduction to Cinematography Composing Movement

A continuous point of view that may move but doesn’t change. Shot A continuous point of view that may move but doesn’t change.

Point of view The position from which a person, an event, or an object is seen or filmed. All shots have a POV.

The specific object highlighted within a point of view. Focus The specific object highlighted within a point of view.

Framing Contains, limits, and directs the point of view within the borders of the rectangular frame.

Cinematic Techniques in Film Top 10 Amazing Cinematic Techniques Part 1 Top 10 Amazing Cinematic Techniques Part 2 Top 10 Amazing Cinematic Techniques Part 3

Extreme long shot AKA Wide shot. The larger space of the image dwarfs the subject. Accommodates large groups, creates emotional distance, emphasizes background.

Extreme long shot cont’d

Long shot The whole subject is in frame and is recognizable while being defined by the large space and background it is part of. Subjects head and feet are often touched in the top and bottom of the frame. Good for group conversations.

Long shot cont’d

Medium shot Approximately half of the body is shot. More subtle performances and detailed actions can be seen. Shot is more subjective and emotionally involved.

Medium shot cont’d

Close-up Shows detail of the overall subject or action (ie. Face or hands). It emphasizes the subject you begin to lose part of the background. Reveals subtle gestures and facial expressions, and aids in identification and emotional link with the character.

Close-up cont’d

Extreme close-up A small detail of the subject is framed, for instance a person’s eyes. Brings the viewer into an intimate relationship with the subject.

Establishing shot An initial long shot that establishes the setting and orients the viewer to a clear view of the action.  

The establishing shot at the beginning of a film. Film Opening shot The establishing shot at the beginning of a film. Film

Examples in Cinema Shot types first 8 minutes