Progressive Movement Part II

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Presentation transcript:

Progressive Movement Part II US History Objectives : **Describe industrial working conditions in the USA in the late 1800s **List the barriers to labor union growth SOL – VUS.8 Timeline – 1870s-1920s

Oops, I forgot to include this last class Company Town Town rules set by the Company not Gov’t Company money, houses, stores Never paid as much as they owed for houses – cycle of debt

Impact of Labor Unions The poor working conditions and low wages gave rise to the organization of unions Accomplishments Limited Work Hours Regulated working conditions

Knights of Labor (est. 1868) 1st major national union Union tool – The strike Inspired others:

American Federation of Labor (AFL) (est. 1886) Samuel Gompers Became biggest USA union

Other Early Unions American Railway Union Eugene V. Debs – Founder International Ladies Garment Workers’ Union

Labor - The Strike The tool used by workers/unions to protest poor conditions and pay Refusal to work Protest/picket

Business - Scabs People hired by business to break labor and strikes

Haymarket Square Strike and Riot Chicago, Illinois (May 4, 1886) Labor union protest Pipe bomb by crazy anarchist gets thrown at police Riot ensues

Public Opinion on Labor Splits opinion by USA **anger at violence at strikes **labor gets associated w/ anarchism

Other Strikes you need to know Homestead Strike – Broke up by U.S. Marshals and troops Pullman Strike – Results in Labor Day

Government Action Sherman Anti-Trust Act Prevents any business structure that “restrains trade” (monopolies) Clayton Anti-Trust Act – Woodrow Wilson Expands Sherman Anti-Trust Act; outlaws price-fixing; exempts unions from Sherman Act

President Teddy Roosevelt (1901-1909) Square Deal look out for the “common man” 4 ideals of the Square Deal **Conservation **Regulating Business **Enforcing Anti-Trust Laws **Supporting Progressive Ideas

Sherman Anti-Trust Act (est. 1890) Law that banned monopolies TR uses law to break up 44 different trusts

Federal Parks saved by TR: Conservation Set aside USA land for parks and forest reserves Federal Parks saved by TR: **Grand Canyon **Petrified Forest **Crater Lake **Natural Bridge

Woodrow Wilson’s New Freedom Reduced Tariff’s - Underwood Tariff Act Reform the Banking System – Federal Reserve Trusts – Federal Trade Commission Worker’s Rights Last Prez from VA