Studies of hypoxemic/reoxygenation injury: Without aortic clamping:

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Studies of hypoxemic/reoxygenation injury: Without aortic clamping: Kiyozo Morita, MDa, Michael P. Sherman, MDb, Gerald D. Buckberg, MDa, Kai Ihnken, MDa, Georg Matheis, MDa, Helen H. Young, PhDa, Louis J. Ignarro, PhDc The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Volume 110, Issue 4, Pages 1200-1211 (October 1995) DOI: 10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4 Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Effects of hypoxemia-reoxygenation and modification of L-argine-NO pathway on SVR. No Rx, Reoxygenation CPB without treatment; L-NAME,N G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (4 mg/kg); L-NAME and L-arginine, L-NAME (4mg/kg) and L-arginine (20 mg/kg); L-Arg,, L-arginine (20 mg/kg) added to the extracorporeal circut priming fluid. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Coronary sinus •NO during CPB with and without hypoxemia. Data are expressed as percentage of individual control value in piglets undergoing CPB without hypoxemia (CPB) and reoxygenation without treatment (No Rx). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Effects of altering L-arginine-•NO pathwayon coronary sinus •No. Hypoxemic value reflects percent of prehypoxemic control values in all groups. Values at 5 and 30 minutes on CPB are expressed as percent of individual hypoxemic values. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Postbypass myocardial contractility. LV Ees after discontinuation of CPB, expressed as percentages of indivual prehypoxemic values. Data in L-argine group include two survuvors (32% and 19%). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 CD content in reoxygenated LV subendocardial muscle. Biopsy samples taken 30 minutes after discontinuation of CPB. Dotted bar shows range of values ± standard error (absorbance 233/mg total lipid) in normoxemic instrumented control piglets. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Relationship between functional impairment and lipid peroxidation. Relationship between functional recovery assessed by percent Ees and myocardial CDs 30 minutes after disconntinuation of CPB (see "text" for description). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Antioxidant reserve capacity. Vulnerability of hypoxemic and reoxygenated myocardium to subsequent oxidant stress is determined by exposing cardiac homogenates to 0 to 4 mmol/L t-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP) for 30 minutes at 37° C (see "text" for description). The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 1995 110, 1200-1211DOI: (10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70006-4) Copyright © 1995 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions