The Struggle to Preserve Judaism Chapter 12 Preview The Struggle to Preserve Judaism Name:____________________ Date:____________ Color:__________ What is this chapters essential question?______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 12.1 Introduction What allowed invaders to conquer the Hebrews? ____________________________________________________________________ What happened in the following years… 930 BCE:____________________________________________________ 722 BCE:____________________________________________________ 597 BCE:____________________________________________________ 586 BCE:____________________________________________________ The Hebrew captivity in Babylon was the beginning of the… ____________________________ Diaspora means: _______________________________

12.2 The Central Beliefs and Teachings of Judaism Main Ideas 1. Monotheism Judaism is the oldest ___________ religion – belief in _______ God. Jewish God is all powerful and all- knowing _______ is the source of ___________ Jews have a ________ personal relationship with ______ in their daily lives. Why is monotheism a central part of Judaism? ____________ and ___________ are central to Jewish life ___________ - instructs Jews how to lead __________lives Ten Commandments Lead ___________ lives Standards of ______ and _______(i.e. murder) More laws ____________ later by Jewish leaders. __________ preparation and rules (Kosher= “fit”) _____________ celebration (Exodus) 2. God’s Law How do Jews learn about God’s Law?

3. Equality and Social Justice 4. Importance of Study 12.2 The Central Beliefs and Teachings of Judaism Main Ideas 3. Equality and Social Justice Ethics = moral code of _______ and _______ Equality: ________ sees all people as _________ Kings/leaders are not above God Social Justice: the distribution of advantages and disadvantages in a society.(e.x. money) __________ for the less __________ “open ________your hand to your _________” How are Jews concerned about moral values? 4. Importance of Study ________ and _______ are very important to study in Judaism. Talmud: oral __________ and _________ ___________(commentaries) Written down starting around _____ CE Jews _______, ________, and _______ the Torah as one way to practice and study their religion. How do Jews study the Torah? Summary 3-4 sentences Use all of the terms in the word bank to write your summary! monotheism Talmud God’s law equality study

1. Babylonians 2. Persians 3. Greeks 12.3 Foreign Domination and Jewish Diaspora Main Ideas 1. Babylonians Jews were _________in ________ Jewish _________ has begun  the _____________ of the Jewish people outside their homeland Called Judaeans after their homeland ______  shortened to “_________” During this time _________ rose up to encourage Jews to remain ____________ What happened to the Jews when they were ruled by the Babylonians? 2. Persians 539 BCE - King ________ ended the Jewish _______ Many ______ returned to _________ Rebuilt the ________________________ Practice their ___________ freely What happened to the Jews when they were ruled by the Persians? 3. Greeks ___________ forced _________ to worship Greek _________ _______ BCE – Jews _________– 20+ year war 164 BCE – drove the Greeks out of _________ and reclaimed their _________  celebrated today by ____________ What happened to the Jews when they were ruled by the Greeks?

Use all of the terms in the word bank to write your summary! 12.3 Foreign Domination and Jewish Diaspora Main Ideas 63 BCE – Jews conquered by the __________ Brutal rulers – executed _________Jews Allowed Jews to _________ religion and ________ some of their affairs Ex. King ________of Judah _________ the Second Great Temple in Jerusalem 66 CE – Jews ______ ____and rebelled _________ – Roman military leader Romans _________ Jerusalem’s second great temple – _________ ______ remains to be their most sacred place Final diaspora -> the Jews were ________ and forbidden to come back to Jerusalem. 4. Romans What happened to the Jews when they were ruled by the Romans? Summary 3-4 sentences Use all of the terms in the word bank to write your summary! diaspora exile Babylon King Cyrus (Persia) Greeks Romans executed destroyed

1. Rabbi Yohanan ben Zaccai 2. New Teachers and Practices 12.4 Preserving and Passing on the Teaching of Judaism Main Ideas 1. Rabbi Yohanan ben Zaccai ____________helped __________ the Jewish faith During the Roman revolt, he___________ for the future of ______________. Asked Roman general ____________ to start a Jewish ___________in ____________ = the center of Jewish _______ after Jerusalem fell Training, learning, and study for new _________ These rabbis ensured Jews had new __________to _________ them Who was Rabbi ben Zacci, and how help preserve Judaism? 2. New Teachers and Practices Synagogue = _________of __________ Religious services made communities __________ New way of worship= ________ and __________ on Judaism's sacred texts. New practices helped _________ faith in the face of _________ and ______________ Jewish ______________ have enabled Judaism to ____________. What new practices were introduced to help the Jews preserve their religion? Summary 3-4 sentences Use all of the terms in the word bank to write your summary! Rabbi ben Zaccai preserve school synagogue religious services