Agile Information Sharing: Characterizing the Problem DoD Net-Centric Data Strategy (DS) and Community of Interest (COI) Training Agile Information Sharing: Characterizing the Problem 2-Day Training Version 08.3 For further information email OSD at: COI_HelpDesk@osd.mil

Purpose Motivate why achieving effective military and government operations requires agile information sharing (i.e., in accordance with the DoD Net-Centric Data and Services Strategies) This briefing stresses why agile information sharing is crucial; Training explains how to achieve it.

"Responsibility to Share" "Expectation of Sharing" The Information Age time Analog Digital Immigrants Digital Native "Need to Know" "Responsibility to Share" "Expectation of Sharing" RSS News Feed Need to provide capabilities suitable for today’s information age. Huge cultural change for those of us raised in a “need to know” world. Digital Natives have an expectation of sharing; a culture that rewards information contributions. email Change in Needs (To maintain Information Dominance) Change in Expectations (Desire to Share) Change in Scale and Tempo (Global & Immediate) Fax

Why Agile Information Sharing? It Enhances Current Military Operations Critical for effective mission operations E.g., Army Blue Force Tracks Vignette

Improved operations due to digital info sharing! The Need for Information Sharing Vignette Sharing Blue Force Tracks using FBCB2 Force 21 Battle Command Brigade and Below (FBCB2) First Army System to provide Blue Force locations or Blue Situation Awareness (BSA) at Information Age Speeds Previously BSA was reported by voice & posted by hand on overlays Age of information went from hours/days to minutes Accuracy improved through use of a single map scale Allowed each unit to display exact location of some of its vehicles to everyone with FBCB2 Operational Effect - Allowed Units to move faster – increased operational tempo Units to self synchronize on the battlefield Units to “see” each other – reduced fratricide Supply to “meet” up with unit Improved operations due to digital info sharing! Vignette courtesy of Fred Stein (COL , USA. ret), Net-Centric Warfare Senior Principal Engineer, MITRE

An FBCB2 Information Sharing Testimonial Testimonial from Brigadier General E. J. Sinclair, Commanding General, USAAVNC Video on the use of Blue Force Tracker (BFT) information in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) – Movement to Bagdad – 28 March 2003 Describes the advantages of FBCB2 BFT in a Joint/combined combat mission Good news Commanders know where Blue Forces were therefore knew where it was safe to concentrate heavy fire Near real time knowledge of positions had positive effect on fire support and maneuver USAAVNC = <<Is this United States Army Aviation Center?>> From Fred: In your voice track I would emphasis the issues with data and information flow in the early stages of OIF, that it improved later to include the AF in Western Iraq as well as in the joint arena. However none of these fixes supported an enterprise solution set, all were relatively point solutions. This is proven out in the fact that today we struggle with how to pass intelligence data and information within the Army and between the Army and Marines not even counting the SF and Air Platforms. This is even in an environment of good to excellent bandwidth. Bad News Blue Force information, via BFT FBCB2, was only available within other BFT FBCB2 equipped platforms No way to pass BFT data to other FBCB2 systems, Army/Joint Information Systems or combat platforms (e.g., F-16) Note: This has improved but gaps still exist

A Theater Information Sharing Progression Army Battle Command System (ABCS) ABCS Interfaces Today ABCS Interfaces in Vignette Timeframe Using Data Distribution System (DDS) Consumers C2PC WEB FBCB2 AMPS CPOF/MCS Service Adapter(*) Service Adapter(*) Service Adapter Service Adapter Service Adapter ABCS to ABCS Interfaces S D Federated DDS Nodes D S Services Info Grid Advertise Publish Subscribe Deliver Ad P S D DDS COMM Ad Ad D D DDS DDS DDS Ad P P Ad Guard Service Adapter Service Adapter Service Adapter Service Adapter Service Adapter USMC USN USA USAF Multi-National FBCB2 is part of ABCS and publishes to DDS DDS to be fully deployed in FY09; PASS (Publish and Subscribe) used now ABCS to non-ABCS Interfaces Authoritative Sources Point-to-Point Interfaces Publish/Subscribe messaging Many data formats Standard info exchange vocabulary Net-centric information sharing approach allows tactical data to be visible, accessible, and understandable.

Why Agile Information Sharing? It Enhances Current Military Operations Critical for effective mission operations E.g., Army Blue Force Tracks Vignette It Transforms the Way We Operate Transforms business processes in our daily lives E.g., Arranging travel

Analog Digital Immigrants Digital Native Agile Information Sharing Transforms Business Processes (e.g., Arranging Travel) time Analog Digital Immigrants Digital Native Travel Agency e.g., Travelocity.com Fast Data available on the web Price comparisons for best value Book online Book online eTicket Online check in Mobile alerts User Many phone calls Many iterations Time consuming Innovations driven by competition not because of apriori requirements Message for the DoD Web accessible data allows increased capability & agility Requires TRUST in services, data, & security

Why Agile Information Sharing? It Enhances Current Military Operations Critical for effective mission operations E.g., Army Blue Force Tracks Vignette It Transforms the Way We Operate Transforms business processes in our daily lives E.g., Arranging travel It Spawns Innovations E.g., Amazon.com

Agile Information Sharing Spawns Innovations (e.g., Amazon.com) Source: “wikinomics” by Don Tapscott & Anthony D. Williams, 2006. Agile Information Sharing Spawns Innovations (e.g., Amazon.com) time Analog Digital Immigrants Digital Native Largest Online Retailer Innovative Services Reviews Profile Wish List Etc. Online Sale of Books Online Sale of Consumer Goods “Affiliate Programs” $9 Billion In sales Bookstore Affiliate Program Example Amazon.com Product info Product reviews Order shipping Credit card processing Product returns Hiking Outpost Specialized customer experience Hiking books Camping sites Hiking trails 140,000+ developers Increases revenue & growth Fundamental Cultural Shift Earn % of Amazon sales Make data available and people will innovate Digital data available allows new innovative services to emerge Leverages a massive community of developers External developers build ingenious applications APIs are free or inexpensive Release what would have been intellectual capital In past data, data formats and services would have been company proprietary Access to software services like shopping cart and every fragment of data could wish for including text for product descriptions and reviews, product images, and pricing information Ex. Hiking Outpost – Amazon handles all the credit-card processing, order shipping, and returns for products sold on the site; associates referral fees range from 4- 7.5 percent New services for profile, wish list, recommendations Developers make commissions on traffic and sales driven through their applications ScanZoom For those who still like shopping in the physical world but don’t want to miss out on better online deals Service enables users to snap a picture of a product bar code with their camera phone while they shop and receive instant price comparisons and product information on comparable items on Amazon Soon be able to purchase that item with your phone too Wikinomics, pg. 196 Amazon Approach (Mass & Global Collaboration) Opened platform to co-developers (data & e-commerce web services) Message for the DoD Shift to data sharing spawned partnering, innovation & viral growth

Why Agile Information Sharing? It Enhances Current Military Operations Critical for effective mission operations E.g., Army Blue Force Tracks Vignette It Transforms the Way We Operate Transforms business processes in our daily lives E.g., Arranging travel It Spawns Innovations E.g., Amazon.com It is Needed to Maintain Information Dominance Expected and used by today’s “Digital Natives” Need to provide capabilities suitable for today’s information age Will be used by our adversaries against us

Tools for Digital Natives Culture of Sharing!

Agile Information Sharing … Commercial examples are a good model for the DoD but the DoD has unique needs, e.g., How does the DoD share with other government agencies, coalition partners, industry, etc. when data sharing needs and data sharing rules are dynamically changing? How do we provide seamless interoperability across all communities? How do we build capabilities agile enough to respond to dynamically changing enemy tactics? COIs are helping to identify and resolve Enterprise (DoD and beyond) issues.

Conclusions We must use the flexibility and agility of the Digital Information Age to: Enhance current military operations Achieve operational flexibility to respond to a very agile enemy Maintain information dominance CHANGE OUR BUSINESS PROCESSES to produce improved combat capability suitable for today’s Information Age The DoD has selected an approach to implementing agile information sharing This training explains the core components of the approach DoD Net-Centric Data and Services Strategies Community of Interest Approach