Chapter 4: Life in the Colonies

Section 2: Life on a Farm 9 out of 10 lived on farms (90%) Farms provided everything to live on Climbed a ladder to reach loft or attic to sleep in Parents slept in bed in the corner of a room Fireplace to keep them warm, always burning Large stove for cooking

Section 3: Life in Cities 1 out of 20 people lived in cities (5%) Waterfront – heart of city, received news and supplies Marketplace – Fishermen and farmers sold items Taverns – People ate and drank, shared gossip

City Life Shops – sold goods based on trends, barbers and wigmakers Houses were small, close together Torches/Candles used for light, caused fires and put out by buckets from waterfront Smelly from open sewage and roaming animals Noisy from church bells and carts on cobblestone streets

4.2 – 4.3 Questions What % of people in the early colonies lived in farm houses? What % of people lived in cities? What 2 things did the colonists get from the water front? What did people use for lighting in cities? What problem did this lighting cause?

Section 4: Rights of Colonists Rights – powers or privileges that belong to people as citizens and that cannot or should not be taken away by the government.

Magna Carta Stated that the King was not above the law, powers limited Parliament (1265) – Group that had the power to approve laws and taxes Glorious Revolution – King James refused to listen to the Parliament and was forced from his throne.

The English Bill of Rights (1689) Prince William of Orange became King and had to sign the English Bill of Rights. This act gave the power to the people to make laws and impose taxes. Petition – to make a formal demand or request Right to trial by jury

Section 5: Crime and Punishment Serious crimes – murder, treason, robbery, not believing in God, hitting or cursing a parent were punished by death Theft, forgery, highway robbery punished by either jail, whipped, or hot irons Missing church or drunkenness was punished with fines, short jail time, or public humiliation

Crime and Punishment Puritans were more strict with rules Killed those they “knew” were witches Salem, Massachusetts Salem Witch Trials

Section 6: Class Differences High Class people were Lawyers, planter, merchant and wore nice clothes (could vote) Middle Class people were farmers and artisans and wore plain clothes (could vote) Lower class people were farmhands and workers (could not vote) The bottom were servants and slaves (could not vote)

4.4 – 4.6 Questions What did the Magna Carta say? What did William of Orange sign? What was the punishment for cursing at your parent in the early colonies? Who could vote in the early colonies?

Section 7: Life for African Americans Slaves big in South Most slaves came from West Africa Americans traded cloth, guns, and rum for slaves Middle Passage – area where slave ships traveled Slaves – gave up hope or rebelled

Section 8: Religion *Puritans: Church most important building in the city (town meetinghouse) “Seating Committee” – assigned seats for church, best went to the older and wealthy Services lasted all day on Sunday

First Great Awakening (1730’s) Wanted to revive the religious spirit Held outdoor, shorter services Brought them closer to God

Section 9: Education Little education South – few hired teachers or tutors Middle colonies – Church schools Parents were teachers Public Education with help of taxes Massachusetts Law – required every town with 50 or more families to hire a teacher, 100 or more had to build a school

Section 10: Colonial Families Family was most important Many children to help on farms Men outnumbered women

Section 11: Leisure Time away from work Bees and Frolics – sharing work made it faster and fun Toys and Sports - simple

Section 12: Food Corn – ate everyday Meat – hard to keep fresh Fruit - a lot to eat Vegetables – thought raw veggies were bad, made mushy stews

4.7 – 4.12 Questions What did British slave traders trade for slaves? What was the Great Awakening? What did the Massachusetts law require for education? What is the Middle Passage? What types of things did they enjoy doing during their leisure time? What did they eat everyday?