BOH4M0 Management Leadership Chapter 8: Planning & Controlling
Chapter Overview Types of Plans Used by Managers How and Why Managers Plan Types of Plans Used by Managers Planning Tools and Techniques The Planning Process Organizational Controls
Types of Plans Used By Managers Short-Range vs. Long Range Strategic vs. Operational Policies and Procedures Budgets an Projects
Types of Plans Used By Managers Short-Range vs. Long Range Short: 1 year or less Intermediate: 1 to 2 years Long: 3+ Related to job level: higher the job, longer the range and more input on the plan Important to communicate long range plan to staff Long term goals get lost in daily activity/pressures
Types of Plans Used By Managers Short-Range vs. Long Range Most people can only handle short time frame, very few the longer term This is a conceptual skill that needs to be developed if you aspire to leadership Globalization is making long range planning extremely complex Working on “internet time” where businesses are continually changing and updating plans
Types of Plans Used By Managers Strategic vs Operational Strategic Plans—identifies long-term directions for the organization Specific actions planned by top management to achieve long-term goals Operational Plans—identifies activities to implement strategic plans What each business unit has to do to help the company reach its goals production, marketing and resourcing
Types of Plans Used By Managers Policies & Procedures Policy-a standing guideline for decisions and actions E.g. To be in your first class by 9:00 am Procedure—a standing set of actions that are to be taken in specific situations E.g. go to the office, explain your tardiness and get a late slip “SOP’s”
Types of Plans Used By Managers Budgets & Projects Single-use plan: serve the needs and objectives of relatively well-defined situations in a timely manner Budget—establishes what financial resources are needed and/or assigned to a given task or department Can also be a forecast of what is expected to be brought in as revenue
Types of Plans Used By Managers Budgets & Projects Project—a one time activity with a clear beginning and end point, designed to achieve a specific outcome The building of a school/community centre The development of a software program Project management ensures that the right resources (money/people) are assigned and that the right tasks are done in a timely manner