Necessary links among collections, services, and infrastructure in Cybraries The Michael A. Keller Women in Science : Future of Libraries Bibliotheca Alexandrina 24 October 2007

Libraries and Academic Computing: A Holistic View Identity Management and Authentication: who are you? Authorization: what are you allowed to do? Collaboration Research Guest Wireless Guest SUNetID Shibboleth Application Network Highly stable, highly scalable, fault-tolerant computing environments - load balanced, fail over, virtualized, grow at will Teaching & Learning Authentication Authorization Workgroups Signet Granular levels of access Data Center Application Web Storage Database Network Administration Personal IT Tools Security Identity Management Content Management

Libraries and Academic Information Resources Identity Management and Authentication: who are you? Authorization: what are you allowed to do? Collaboration Research Collaboration Tools Guest Wireless Guest SUNetID Shibboleth eScience Shibboleth Application Network Grid computing Highly stable, highly scalable, fault-tolerant computing environments - load balanced, fail over, virtualized, grow at will Teaching & Learning Authentication Authorization Sakai: Framework and tools Workgroups Signet Granular levels of access Data Center Application Web Storage Database Network Evolving security infrastructure Mass Storage Administration Personal IT Tools Security Identity Management ePortfolio Opaque identifiers Digital Rights Management Portal Framework for personalized view Digital Archives Google Book Search WWW Services Content Management Federated Search Audio/Visual Content

Why a Cybrary: Competitive Edges Save faculty & students time & extend their reach when searching Serve information resources & services 7x24 anywhere Keep pace with scholarship in the digital age: engage new disciplines, new methods, new modes of publication Develop better information resources and services, more tightly tuned to individual faculty research & teaching Contribute to interdisciplinarity, new & developing academic objectives Leverage traditional & commercial efforts to provide a library of the quality demanded by scholars Reduce capital expenditures on central campus library facilities 12/24/201812/24/2018

Megatrends Mass & custom digitization Revolutionizing the Academic Information Space: Mass & custom digitization E-publishing & born digital materials Data as a reusable resource Digital Preservation New forms of Discovery New (digital) methods of Scholarship Network support of teaching: course management systems for local and distant learning Reduction of digital divide (proceeding fitfully, but a priority) 12/24/201812/24/2018

3 Components (in gross) Content Services Infrastructure Locally developed (courses, products & by-products of scholarship) Digitized by home institution Digitized by others using many libraries’ holdings Acquired by gift, purchase or lease from others Services Supporting faculty & students directly Course management systems, publishing, research collaboration Reference & bibliographic instruction Research assistance Digitization on demand (free service & cost-recovery) Providing environments & tools to analyze, study & present content Building collections (selection & distribution) Preservation of e-objects for re-use and re-mix over decades/centuries Infrastructure Back of the house operations (acquisition, description, searching, browsing) Local cybraries (creation, evolution, operation & maintenance of reliable & consistent i.t. environment for digital library & digital archive) Local digital archives & repositories (ingest, preserve, provide access), federated 12/24/201812/24/2018

The Cybrary 12/24/201812/24/2018

The Cybrary 12/24/201812/24/2018

The Stanford Cybrary Current Investment: $43M ($21.2M base) GBS $391k base, $636k ot Spec Coll & Media Pres $646k base + $15.5M ot in toto $686k annual $6.4M LMB base $1.0M LMB ot $5.5M staff base $1.6M annual $3M one-time in toto $4.6M base ($880k new from BG) $966k ot $1.4M base ($200k new from BG) $511k ot 12/24/201812/24/2018 $2.8M base $2.6M ot in toto

Scholarship Evolves Quickly in the Digital Age 12/24/201812/24/2018 http://www.lib.umn.edu/about/mellon/mellonslidex800.jpg

The Challenge of Abundance <750 hits visible of 1.28M Relevance of results??? 12/24/201812/24/2018

Three Accelerants for the Growth of Data on Campus Mandatory Deposit of Articles led by the National Institute of Health and the National Library of Medicine Mandatory Deposit of Data clear and strong recommendation by the National Science Board National Science Foundation beginning to agitate Realization that Data is an (Institutional) Asset can serve multiple research groups can be impossible or costly to replace has led to the growth of institutional and discipline-specific repositories Therefore, libraries needs to build out its institutional repositories 12/24/201812/24/2018

The underpinnings: infrastructure Archive discovery retrieve ingestion Content and Service Interface Access Digital Library Infrastructure (Content Management & Middleware) Digital Archive / Repository (Preservation Infrastructure) Identify Track Manage Report Ingest Preserve Hardware Infrastructure Storage Servers Firewalls Network Data Center 12/24/201812/24/2018

The Challenge of Digital Preservation Bit rot Obsolescence Format Technology Distribution and dissipation Migrations and transitions People (2 – 20 years) Software (5 – 10 years) Hardware (3 – 5 years) Benign neglect doesn’t work for digital objects. Preservation requires active, managed care. 12/24/201812/24/2018

Space: Physical & Digital 100,000 books @ 10 volumes per linear foot = more than 1.38 miles of shelving - OR - @ 150 MB/book = 15 TB of disk, or 1 foot of servers (& capacity increases 40% per year!) 400,000 books 12/24/201812/24/2018

The library as a place Learning and study spaces for individual and collaborative study Content, expertise, technology in common spaces Still, and for a (some) time to come, access to physical collections, especially emerging information and rare materials. Virtual places in the Cybrary, including course management systems; virtual collaboration for research, teaching and scholarship; publication Opportunities: bookless libraries, experimental/virtual classrooms & labs… will be modeled for new modes of learning, teaching and scholarship, as well as reduced capital costs Opportunities: network-based collaboration frameworks; more than just classes; Opportunities: employ web 2.0 technologies 12/24/201812/24/2018

Rising tide lifts many, but not all boats Widening Spectra More variation Rising tide lifts many, but not all boats Both/And conundrum – not just traditional, but digital as well…not, NOT either/or 12/24/201812/24/2018