Antimalarial activity of artefenomel (OZ439), a novel synthetic antimalarial endoperoxide, in patients with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria: an open-label phase 2 trial  Aung Pyae Phyo, MD, Podjanee Jittamala, MD, Prof François H Nosten, PhD, Prof Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, MD, Mallika Imwong, PhD, Prof Nicholas J White, FRS, Stephan Duparc, MD, Fiona Macintyre, PhD, Mark Baker, PhD, Dr Jörg J Möhrle, PhD  The Lancet Infectious Diseases  Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages 61-69 (January 2016) DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00320-5 Copyright © 2016 Phyo et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Study flow diagram A new dose (cohort) was initiated after review of the findings from the preceding cohort. During the 36 h study period, parasitaemia, artefenomel exposure, and other variables were assessed. Definitive treatment to cure malaria involved standard drugs (mefloquine plus artesunate or chloroquine plus primaquine) and was given to avoid recrudescence. Patients infected with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax followed the same clinical protocols. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2016 16, 61-69DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00320-5) Copyright © 2016 Phyo et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Parasite counts after treatment start per protocol set Patients with (A) Plasmodium falciparum and (B) Plasmodium vivax. Blue lines show individual patient curves before rescue treatment (one patient in 200 mg cohort). The red line represents the median. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2016 16, 61-69DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00320-5) Copyright © 2016 Phyo et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Parasite clearance and kelch mutations Clearance times for patients infected with parasites with kelch mutations or wild-type. The horizontal line represents the median. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2016 16, 61-69DOI: (10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00320-5) Copyright © 2016 Phyo et al. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC BY-NC-ND Terms and Conditions