Natives in the West Semester 2, Day 15

Objectives Students will: Describe the nature of the cultural conflicts and battles that accompanied the white American migration into the Great Plains and the Far West. Explain the development of federal policy towards Native Americans in the late nineteenth century. A

Reflection on Friday’s Game What do you think we were supposed to learn?

What are some ways to overcome the coal mining owners bidding proccess?

What is probably the smartest way to overcome the monopoly structure?

Warm Up Analyze the picture and write a paragraph illustrating how this act affected Native Americans. Don’t forget the acts that we talked about last week.

The Clash of Cultures on the Plains Reservation system developed when the federal government signed treaties with various tribes at Fort Laramie in 1851 and Fort Atkinson in 1853 Difficulty in making treaties Tribes/Chiefs were not used in Native American culture Many groups were nomadic/scattered bands 1860’s-Dakota Territory/Indian Territory Corrupt federal Indian agents Many wars after the Civil War with Native Americans

Receding Native Population 1864-Sand Creek, CO massacre Colonel J. M. Chivington’s militia massacred 400 Indians 1866-Sioux massacred Captain William J. Fetterman’s 81 soldier/civilian crew 1868-2nd Fort Laramie treaty guaranteeing Sioux land 1874-Custer discovered gold in Black Hills Battle of Little Big Horn-Custer lost everyone

“Taming of the Indians” Willingness to use military force to back its land claims Railroad Diseases Firewater Extermination of the Buffalo

Bellowing Herds of Bison 15 million Bison grazed the plains after the Civil War By 1885 only a few 1,000 remained

The End of the Trail Battle of Wounded Knee-1890 200 Indian men, women, and children killed Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 dissolved many tribes ended tribal ownership of land individual family heads with 160 free acres citizenship in 25 years full citizenship granted in 1924 Carlisle Indian School in PA “Kill the Indian and save the man” 243,000 in 1887 1.5 million according to Census 2000

Dawes Act REvisited The Act’s creators wanted to : breaking up of tribes as a social unit, encouraging individual initiatives, furthering the progress of native farmers, reducing the cost of native administration, securing parts of the reservations as Indian land, and opening the remainder of the land to white settlers for profit

The important provisions of the Dawes Act were: A head of family would receive a grant of 160 acres, a single person or orphan over 18 years of age would receive a grant of 80 acres, and persons under the age of 18 would receive 40 acres each; the allotments would be held in trust by the U.S. Government for 25 years; Eligible Indians had four years to select their land; afterwards the selection would be made for them by the Secretary of the Interior.

HOmework Turner Frontier Thesis Packet will be due on the first day of the test, Thursday, 2/12. Remember any missed assignments must be given to me by Friday (the last day of the unit as day 2 of the test) for me to give credit for it. If I don’t have it by the end of 7th period Friday it will remain as a 0 in the gradebook.