Logic for Artificial Intelligence Introduction Logic for Artificial Intelligence Yi Zhou

Content Course plan What is logic Logic for CS/AI Propositional logic, First-order logic

Content Course plan What is logic Logic for CS/AI Propositional logic, First-order logic

Date Content Details 1 2 3 4 5 Break 6 7 8 9 10   Date Content Details 1 08/11/2016 Introduction Course plan, introduction to logic 2 11/11/2016 Classical reasoning SAT solving, propositional reasoning, verification 3 15/11/2016 Rule based reasoning Reactive rules, Datalog, answer set programming 4 18/11/2016 Probabilistic reasoning Probabilistic logic, Bayesian and Markov logic network 5 22/11/2016 Future directions Problems, assertional logic, future directions Break 6 02/12/2016 Knowledge base Semantic network, Knowledge graph 7 06/12/2016 Ontology Description logic, Ontology engineering, Semantic Web 8 09/12/2016 Dynamics AI planning, Markov decision process, task planning 9 13/12/2016 Natural language Natural logic, semantic parsing 10 30/12/2016 Student presentation

10 classes, Tuesday & Friday night, 2 breaks 7:30 pm – 9:45 pm, Tuesday (3A201), Friday (3A301) website: http://home.ustc.edu.cn/~zhao03 1st half – foundations, 2nd half – applications form groups, no more than 3 members selected topics for every class, to be discussed by students in English in seminar, each group has 5 minutes (20 marks) essential readings for every class group based final assignment, either a theoretical investigation or a practical investigation group presentation in English (20 minutes, 20 marks) final report in English (60 marks) individual contribution will be counted

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Content Course plan What is logic Logic for CS/AI Propositional logic, First-order logic

Problem Solving in Domains

Modeling/Formalization/Representation How to model the problem (as symbols) Objects Input Output Internal structure Turing machine ER diagram Data flow diagram Neural networks Set theory Game theory Reactive rules … …

What’s the meaning of symbols Meaning/Semantics What’s the meaning of symbols Turing machine ER diagram Data flow diagram Neural networks Set theory Game theory Reactive rules … …

How to operate on symbols from input to output Reasoning/Inference How to operate on symbols from input to output Turing machine ER diagram Data flow diagram Neural networks Set theory Game theory Reactive rules … …

Learning/Acquisition How to obtain the internal structure from domain Turing machine ER diagram Data flow diagram Neural networks Set theory Game theory Reactive rules … …

Logic = Representation + Semantics + Reasoning Learning??? Semantics??? to + or not to +

Case Study: Propositional Logic Representation statements as propositions compositions as connectives negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication Semantics Propositions: true or false Connectives Reasoning Propositions to propositions

Content Course plan What is logic Logic for CS/AI Propositional logic, First-order logic

Computer Science Founders

AI Turing Award Winners

IJCAI Research Excellence Award Turing Award Half of them are deeply related to logic!!! IJCAI Research Excellence Award 80% of them are deeply related to logic!!!

Application I – Turing Machine Recursion theory λ Caculus

Application II – Circuit Design Propositional Logic

Application III – Programming Language Denotational semantics Dynamic logic Prolog Answer set programming

Application IV –Database Relational Calculus Datalog Probabilistic database

Application V – Program Verification Hoare logic Separation logic Temporal logic SMT Model checking SAT/SMT solving

Application VI – Expert System First-order logic Frame system Semantic network

Application VII – Machine Learning Bayesian network Markov logic network Lifted inference

Application VIII – AI Planning Situation calculus STRIPS PDDL

Application IX – Knowledge Graph Semantic Network RDF Probabilistic reasoning

Application X – Semantic Web Description logic OWL RDF

Application XI – Natural Language Processing Semantic parsing Natural logic

Application XII – Robotics Reactive rules Task planning

Application XIII – Constrain Satisfaction Propositional Logic

Content Course plan What is logic Logic for CS/AI Propositional logic, First-order logic

Propositional Logic negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication Representation statements as propositions compositions as connectives negation, conjunction, disjunction, implication compositions can be nested Semantics Propositions: true or false Connectives Reasoning Propositions to propositions NP complete

First-Order Logic (Propositional Logic +++) Representation Propositional logic + quantifiers Semantics Quantifiers: universal or existential Reasoning sentences to sentence undecidable

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