Present Perfect Tense

¿Cómo se dice en español? She studies Spanish. He studied Spanish. We used to study Spanish. They have studied Spanish.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The Present Perfect Tense is used to describe actions that “have” or “has” happened. (usually indicates rather recently) Ex. Julia has learned the verbs. Ex. We have told the truth.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The Present Perfect Tense is a compound tense or has two verbs an auxiliary and main verb. Ex. has told, have listened, has remained When written, the Spanish verb must contain both verbs. Ex. Yo he hablado.

present tense of the verb haber + past participle PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The two parts of the Present Perfect Tense are: present tense of the verb haber + past participle Let’s look at each part more closely: Haber is an auxiliary verb meaning “to have.” You cannot use it in place of “tener.” In the Present Perfect, haber must be accompanied by a past participle. So how is it conjugated into the Present Tense?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The present tense of haber is: he=I have _____ has= you have _____ (informal) ha= she has, he has, you have _____(formal) hemos=we have _______ han= they, you-all have ________

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The second part is a past participle. Forming a past participle is easy! Take an –AR infinitive, remove the –AR and add –ADO Ex. hablar=hablado (spoken/talked) Ex. viajar=viajado (traveled)

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Take an –ER infinitive, remove the –ER and add –IDO Ex. comer=comido (eaten) Ex. aprender=aprendido (learned) Take an –IR infinitive, remove the –IR and add –IDO Ex. vivir=vivido (lived) Ex. servir=servido (served)

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Now, let’s put it all together… Write the following example in your notebook. We have traveled to Spain. Nosotros hemos viajado a España.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE You try… The boys have sold their car. Los chicos han vendido su coche.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Una pregunta… Have you (Ud.) listened to your teacher(m)? ¿Ud. ha escuchado a su profesor?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE TAREA:Write the following in your notebook. WATCH! You may see OTHER tenses! Juan has traveled to Spain, he left yesterday. Katalina has not thought about school. She refused! Where have they gone? They wanted to go home. Why has the class not given the teacher (f) the homework? I run today, you-all ran yesterday, Susana was running last night but Juanita has not run yet. (yet=todavía)

IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES PRESENT PERFECT TENSE IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES We know how to turn regular verbs into past participles. hablar=hablado and vivir=vivido, comer=comido Some past participles need to be changed to preserve the sound, therefore are considered irregular. Ex. escribir is a verb that has an irregular change. She has written her homework.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES The following irregular verbs have irregular past participles. You are responsible for learning the following: escribir-escrito (to write) 8) romper-roto (to break) volver-vuelto (to return) 9) descubrir-descubierto poner-puesto (to put/place) (to discover) ver-visto (to see) 10)morir-muerto (to die) decir-dicho ( to say/tell) hacer-hecho (to make/do) abrir-abierto (to open)

What have you (informal) done today? PRESENT PERFECT TENSE IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES Try the following examples using the irregular past participles: What have you (informal) done today? ¿Qué tú has hecho hoy?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Why haven’t they returned? IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES Why haven’t they returned? ¿Por qué ellos no han vuelto?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE What have you (Ud.) made for us? IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES What have you (Ud.) made for us? ¿Qué Ud. nos ha hecho? or ¿Qué Ud. ha hecho para nosotros?

Tarea: Write the following in your notebook and translate into Spanish: Any learned tense could be there! Mrs. Martez has put the dishes in the sink. She washed them. Have you (informal) done your homework? I did my homework yesterday. It was cold yesterday. We have not opened the windows. They have been good students(f). Have you(Ud.) been a good student? I tried to listen to Mateo. He has not listened to me! Have they(m) written the letter? They wrote the letter three days ago.

Present Perfect used with Reflexives PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Present Perfect used with Reflexives

We have washed our hands this morning. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Present Perfect with Reflexives: We have washed our hands this morning. Reflexive Pronouns are placed in front of the ENTIRE verb (both parts.)

Reflexive verbs have Reflexive Pronouns attached. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Present Perfect with Reflexives: Reflexive verbs have Reflexive Pronouns attached. Ex. lavarse

Practice the following: PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Present Perfect with Reflexives-REMINDER Practice the following: We have gone to bed very late. (acostarse=go to bed) When have you brushed your hair? (cepillarse el pel0=to brush your hair)

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Reflexive Pronouns-QUICK Review me= myself te=yourself se=himself, herself, yourself (Ud.) nos=ourselves se=themselves

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Reflexive Pronouns-QUICK Review The Reflexive Pronouns are placed before the ENTIRE verb (both parts). Ex. Ella se lava las manos. With a “no”…Ella no se lava las manos.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE REMEMBER, YOU DO NOT HAVE TO RECALL ALL THE REFLEXIVE VERBS BUT YOU MUST DEAL WITH THE PRONOUNS!