AMSR-E Ocean Rainfall Algorithm Status C. Kummerow Colorado State University AMSR-E Science Team Meeting Asheville, NC 27-28 June, 2011

GPROF_2004 GPROF_2008 GPROF_2010 Bayesian Inversion ~10 km TB observed TB model #3 TB model #2 TB model #1 Cloud Resolving Model Database TRMM PR/TMI & Model Database GPROF_2008 GPROF_2010

GPROF 2010 (Ocean) GPROF2010 continues to be a Bayesian algorithm consisting of: P(R|Tb) = P(Tb|R)•P(R)/P(Tb) No more rain screens. All pixels are compared to database. Bayes’ theorem determines rain or no rain. Consequence: almost all pixels have a very small probability of rain. No more convective/stratiform separation. Only necessary because CRM database was skewed to convective pixels. Entire code is now exceedingly simple. Pixels are classified only by background SST and TPW. Database entries within ±1K in SST and ±2 mm in TPW are searched for potential solutions. Error covariances are established from fit between observed and simulated Tb in the a-priori database.

Cloud profile database is partitioned into separate SST and TPW bins

GPROF 2010 Status • Databases created based upon PR/TMI. Change from GPROF 2008 to GPROF 2010 is TRMM V7 products. • Delivered TMI V7 to PPS in mid-June • In house version of AMSR-E code tested for 6 mo. Further testing expected in July 2011 • Ready to work with MSFC starting in August to get code into operations • Need team discussion on output parameters. Currently, pixel level output is only Lat/Lon/Sfc rain/Conv. Rain.

GPROF 2010 Processing Algorithm Pre-Processors Ancillary Info Sensor Data TMI_L1C TMI_1B11 AME_L1B AME_L2A SSMI_L1C SST directory spec Ancillary dir spec Sat, Sensor Info Channel Freqs, Errs Profile dbase names Spacecraft position Pixel Location Pixel Time, Tbs, EIA GPROF10 input file Ancillary Datasets Profile Databases Elevation Land masks Sea Surface Temp Clustered Profiles Land - All Coast – SSM/I Ocean - Each Sensor GPROF2010 Native Binary Output Temporary Files Programs Input Data Output Files HDF HDF-EOS NetCDF Format Converter*

GPROF 2010 Complete Parameter List Orbit Header Satellite Sensor Algorithm Version Pre Processor Version OceanDatabase Land Database Original file Structure Flag Start Date Creation Date Granule Hgt Layer Top(28) Missing Data N scans N Pixels N layers N species N clusters NHgt Indicies Scan Header ScanDate SpaceCraft Lat SpaceCraft Lon SpaceCraft Altitude Pixel Data Latitude, Longitude Pixel Status, Surface Type, Quality Flag Land Ambiguous Flag, Screen Flag Ocean ExtendedDbase, SearchRadius Freezing Height Index ChiSquared Probability Of Precip Sun Glint Angle Freezing Height Cluster Number(nspecies) Cluster Scale(nspecies) Surface Precipitation (Liquid+ Frozen) Convective Precipitation Surface Rain Cloud Water Path Rain Water Path Ice Water Path Sea Surface Temperature Total Precipitable Water Wind Speed Hydro-Meteor And LH Profiles Cloud Water Rain Water Cloud Ice Snow Water Graupel Latent Heating

Jan 2007 TMI AMSR-E

GPROF 2010 TMI/AMSR-E Coincident matchups Jan – Dec. 2007 accumulations

Jan 2007 TMI TMI AMSR-E

Jan 2007 AMSR-E SSMI F13

Jan 2007 For 2007: F13 F14 F15 AMSR-E Equatorial Crossing times 18:30 18:00 20:30 13:30

GPROF 2010 Surface Precipitation (Liquid+Frozen) Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Surface Precipitation (Liquid+Frozen)

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Convective Rain

GPROF 2010 Probability of Precipitation Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Probability of Precipitation

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Cloud Water Path

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Rain Water Path

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Ice Water Path

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Freezing Height

GPROF 2010 Sea Surface Temperature Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Sea Surface Temperature

GPROF 2010 Total Precipitable Water Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Total Precipitable Water

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Wind Speed

Jan 2007 GPROF 2010 Surface Type

Jan 1st, 2007 GPROF 2010 Quality Flag 0 = Best Quality 1 = Sun-glint, Bayesian Expansion, Coastal contamination, database expanding 2 = Ambiguous over Land

GPROF 2010 Complete Parameter List Orbit Header Satellite Sensor Algorithm Version Pre Processor Version OceanDatabase Land Database Original file Structure Flag Start Date Creation Date Granule Hgt Layer Top(28) Missing Data N scans N Pixels N layers N species N clusters NHgt Indicies Scan Header ScanDate SpaceCraft Lat SpaceCraft Lon SpaceCraft Altitude Pixel Data Latitude, Longitude Pixel Status, Surface Type, Quality Flag Land Ambiguous Flag, Screen Flag Ocean ExtendedDbase, SearchRadius Freezing Height Index ChiSquared Probability Of Precip Sun Glint Angle Freezing Height Cluster Number(nspecies) Cluster Scale(nspecies) Surface Precipitation (Liquid+ Frozen) Convective Precipitation Surface Rain Cloud Water Path Rain Water Path Ice Water Path Sea Surface Temperature Total Precipitable Water Wind Speed Hydro-Meteor And LH Profiles Cloud Water Rain Water Cloud Ice Snow Water Graupel Latent Heating

GPROF 2008 example Hurricane Floyd September 13, 1999 GPROF 2008 + TRMM radar Hurricane Floyd September 13, 1999

Hurricane Floyd Sep 3, 1999 TMI Algorithm Comparison 0. 25 x 0 Hurricane Floyd Sep 3, 1999 TMI Algorithm Comparison 0.25 x 0.25 gridded GPROF2008 1.28 mm/day RSS 0.96 mm/day GSmap 0.99 mm/day