The Atmosphere Chapter 4 Lesson 4

Warm Up What part of the plant cell provides it with strength and structure? What is the food making process in plants? What is the difference between inherited and learned traits?

Learning Target I can describe the effects of the ocean on weather and climate and explain how mountains affect weather and climate. SPI 0507.8.1 & 0507.8.2

Vocabulary You will be given your vocabulary homework tonight. It is due tomorrow. Our lesson & vocabulary quiz will be December 14th , which is NEXT THURSDAY. Atmosphere Weather Climate Current Rain Shadow El Nino

Atmosphere 1.) Atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds Earth. The atmosphere is mostly made up of nitrogen and oxygen. It also contains water vapor, carbon dioxide, and traces of other gases.

What layer of the atmosphere is closest to Earth?

Atmosphere Video http://studyjams.scholastic.com/studyjams/jams/science/weather-and-climate/weather-and-climate.htm

The Troposphere 2.) The troposphere is the closest layer to the earth. This is where most of the weather takes place. Weather can be hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, and sunny or cloudy.

Climate This is because of lower temperatures and the mountain landscape. 3.) Climate is the average weather of a place. Tennessee has a mild climate with warm summers and cool winters. Weather usually follows patterns. For example, northeastern Tennessee tends to have more snowfall in winter. Why do you think northeastern Tennessee has more snowfall than we do in Henderson, Tennessee?

Climate Zones

Latitude and Longitude Which location would have a warmer climate? Why? 4.) Latitude lines run west to east. These lines have the strongest affect on climate. Think back to how the climate zones were marked. 5.) Longitude lines run north to south.

Oceans 6.) Land close to an ocean tends to have a milder climate. Think about this! Pretend the ocean is a warm tub of water. What do you feel when you place your hand over a tub of hot water? You feel warmth because the heat from the water is warming the air between your hand and the water.

Currents 7.) Currents are constant movement of ocean water. Depending on where the ocean is located determines the temperature of the water. Think about the climate zones. Which is going to have a warmer currents water by the equator/Tropical zone or Arctic circle/Polar zone? How do the currents affect the climate of an area?

Ocean Currents 8.) Ocean currents can be warm which make the land around it warmer. This makes the climate milder than areas more inland. 9.) Milder means that it is neither too hot nor too cold.

Atmospheric Pressure 10.) As the height above Earth increases, the number of particles of gas in the atmosphere decreases. The atmospheric pressure or air pressure pushes on everything around you. They balance each other out. This is why you don’t feel the weight of the air around you. Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gM0d3fGew-0

Sea Breeze 11.) A sea breeze is the movement of the air from the water to the land. The air above the land warms faster than the air above the sea. The warm air becomes less dense, so the hot air rises. To keep it balanced the cold air moves above the land.

Land Breeze Both the sea and land begins to cool at night. However, land cools faster than water, so the air above the sea stays warmer. The warm air above the ocean becomes less dense, so it rises. The cold air from the land moves above the water to balance out the atmospheric pressure.

To Sum It Up Land cools and warms faster than the sea. 12.) If the cold air is going from the land to the sea it is a land breeze. If the cold air is going from the sea to the land it is a sea breeze.