From Cells to Organisms Organisation of Life

Lesson Objectives 1. Define: Cell, Tissue, organ, and organ system (DK). 2. Describe two types of tissue (DK) 3. Describe two types of organs (DK) 4. Create a flow chart illustrating relationship between cells, tissues, organs, systems and organisms (PK)

Levels of Organization Cell—Basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Some organisms, like bacteria and protists, are unicellular (made entirely of one cell). Some organisms, like fungi, plants, and animals, are multicellular (made of many cells). In multicellular organisms, cells exhibit cell specialisation. They take on specific jobs and look different from each other. The cells also exhibit division of labor. They split up the work of the organism.

Levels of Organization Tissues—Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. 4 major tissue types in animals Epithelial tissue Connective tissue Muscle tissue Nervous tissue

Levels of Organization Organs—structures made of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function. Examples Heart Lungs Stomach Small intestine Liver Large Intestine Gall Bladder Plant Roots Plant Stems Plant Leaves

Levels of Organization Organ Systems—Groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function. Examples: Digestive system Circulatory system Respiratory system Nervous system Muscular system Skeletal system Integumentary system (skin) Vascular system in plants

Levels of Organization Organism—A complete, individual living thing. Examples: A single person A single plant A single bacterium A single protist

Write your answers in complete sentences Q 1: A (tissue, organ, system) is a group of the same kinds of cells that work together. Choose the right answer. system organ tissue Q 2: Some tissues and organs work together like the members of the team. The parts that work together are called a _____________. cell system group Q 3: The mouth, teeth, tongue, stomach and intestines all work together. Therefore they are called the important parts of __________________. digestive system circulatory system muscular system Q 4: Brain, heart and lungs are some of the important _______________ in a body. organs tissues cells system Q 5: Different tissues work together to form _________ . cells system organs Q 6: Different systems work together to form organs. True or false? false true

Organization of Vertebrate Body Tissues are groups of cells that are similar in structure and function In humans, there are four primary tissues: -Epithelial, connective, muscle and nerve 11

Organization of Vertebrate Body Organs are combinations of different tissues that form a structural and functional unit Organ systems are groups of organs that cooperate to perform the major activities of the body -The human body contains 11 principal organ systems 12

Organ Systems The seven main organ systems that we will be focusing on in this unit are: The Respiratory System The Circulatory System The Muscular System The Digestive System The Excretory System Nervous System Skeletal System

Skeletal System The adult human skeletal system consists of 206 bones, with tendons, ligaments and cartilage that connects them. support, movement, protection, blood cell production, calcium storage and endocrine regulation — that enable us to survive.

Organization of Human Body NO Thank you! 15

Digestive System The organs or parts of the body that work together to break down food into a smaller, more useable form. 16

Circulatory System The system that carries oxygen and nutrients to all cells in the body and takes wastes away from the cells; it consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. 17

Respiratory System The system involved in the inhalation of and diffusion of oxygen into the blood stream, and the removal of carbon dioxide from the body via exhalation 18

Excretory System The system responsible for the removal of excess water and waste from cell reactions in the body

Muscular System The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body

Nervous System The nervous system is the part of an animal that coordinates its actions by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.