Business and Technology C H A P T E R 11 Business and Technology 11.1 Computer Systems 11.2 Business Applications of Technology 11.3 Other Technology Issues

11.1 Computer Systems Learning Outcomes CHAPTER 11 11.1 Computer Systems 12/26/2018 Learning Outcomes 11.1.1 Identify the main elements of a computer system. 11.1.2 Describe input devices and processing activities. 11.1.3 Explain computer storage media and output types.

KEY TERMS computer system hardware software computer network central processing unit (CPU) program computer language operating system software application software

COMPUTERS IN SOCIETY Elements of a computer system Computer Networks Input device Processing unit Memory and storage Output device Computer Networks Internet Intranet

Checkpoint  List the four main elements of a computer system. Input device(s) Processing unit Memory and storage Output device(s)

INPUT AND PROCESSING Input: Getting started Processing: Making things happen Word processing Desktop publishing Database software Spreadsheet Presentation software

Checkpoint  What are common input devices? Keyboard, mouse, game controller, joystick, touch-sensitive screen, scanner, voice-activated system, microphone, and camera

MEMORY AND OUTPUT Memory and storage: Saving for later Internal storage External storage Output: Obtaining results Text Graphic Audio Video

Checkpoint  How do internal and external memory differ? Internal memory is inside the computer and holds a fixed amount of data. External memory is not stored within the computer and it is highly portable.

11.2 Business Applications of Technology Learning Outcomes 11.2.1 Describe the components of a management information system (MIS). 11.2.2 Identify computer applications in service industries. 11.2.3 Discuss e-commerce activities.

KEY TERMS management information system (MIS) computer-assisted instruction (CAI) e-commerce

MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS A management information system (MIS) is a coordinated system of processing and reporting information in an organization. Managers need information to make business decisions. Computer systems and software are essential parts of MIS.

COMPONENTS OF AN MIS Categories of information Financial information Production and inventory information Marketing and sales information Human resources information

COMPONENTS OF MIS Gathering data Analyzing data Storing data Reporting data

DATA SOURCES External data sources Internal data sources

THE MIS IN ACTION 1. Identify the information needs of the organization. 2. Obtain facts, figures, and other data. 3. Process, analyze, and organize data in a useful manner. 4. Distribute information reports to those who make decisions. 5. Update data files as needed.

Checkpoint  What are the four components of a management information system? The four components are gathering data, analyzing data, storing data, and reporting results.

TECHNOLOGY IN SERVICE INDUSTRIES Public service Education Health care Financial services

Checkpoint  What service industries make extensive use of computers? Public service organizations such as government, military, and police agencies Educational institutions such as local school districts, community colleges, and universities

Checkpoint  What service industries make extensive use of computers? (continued) Healthcare facilities such as hospitals and doctors’ offices Financial services industries such as banks and insurance companies.

E-COMMERCE E-commerce refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology. Providing product information Promoting a company Selling online Conducting market research Making payments Obtaining parts and supplies Tracking shipments

TYPES OF E-COMMERCE Four types of e-commerce Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Business-to-Business (B2B) Consumer-to-Business (C2B) Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)

E-COMMERCE MATRIX

GLOBAL E-COMMERCE Importing and exporting Video conferencing

Checkpoint  What do the notations B2C and B2B mean? B2C refers to the Business-to-Consumer e-commerce model. B2B means the Business-to-Business e-commerce model.

11.3 Other Technology Issues Learning Outcomes 11.3.1 Explain workplace uses of technology. 11.3.2 Identify home and personal applications of technology. 11.3.3 Discuss social concerns related to technology.

KEY TERMS robotics artificial intelligence (AI) expert system computer-aided design (CAD) telecommuting piracy computer virus

WORKPLACE TECHNOLOGY Robotics Expert systems Artificial intelligence Computer-aided design (CAD) Telecommuting

Checkpoint  How is computer-aided design (CAD) used by businesses? Businesses use CAD to experiment with many variations of different sizes, shapes, and materials before spending time and money on building prototypes or starting actual production.

HOME AND PERSONAL TECHNOLOGY School and homework Home robotics Social networking

Checkpoint  What types of technology tools are available to students? Students use computers or smartphones for conducting research, homework, and collaboration with peers.

SOCIAL CONCERNS OF TECHNOLOGY Employment trends Health concerns Computer crime Piracy Computer virus Privacy concerns Identity theft

Checkpoint  How are software developers impacted by software piracy? Software piracy robs the software creators of their legal profits. It is very expensive to develop new software, often requiring teams of hundreds of workers for a single program. Because of software piracy, companies have fewer dollars available to spend on creating new software.