CDs and DVDs

2 The following presentation is intended for the layperson who only wants to know how to use CDs and DVDs. The following presentation is intended for the layperson who only wants to know how to use CDs and DVDs. The primary focus of this presentation will be CDs although DVDs will be briefly addressed. The primary focus of this presentation will be CDs although DVDs will be briefly addressed.

3 CDs and DVDs History: History: The Compact Disc, and more specifically audio compact disc (CD-DA), was introduced to the market in 1982 (Japan) by the Philips and Sony Corporations as an alternative to the vinyl disc and audio cassette. The Compact Disc, and more specifically audio compact disc (CD-DA), was introduced to the market in 1982 (Japan) by the Philips and Sony Corporations as an alternative to the vinyl disc and audio cassette. Beethovens 5 th Symphony established the capacity of the first audio CDs. Beethovens 5 th Symphony established the capacity of the first audio CDs.

4 CDs and DVDs History: (conti.) History: (conti.) In 1984 both companies extended the technology so it can be used to store and retrieve data and so the CD-ROM was born. In 1984 both companies extended the technology so it can be used to store and retrieve data and so the CD-ROM was born. In 1990 again Philips and Sony expanded the technology and created the recordable compact disc (CD-R). Up to then, the CD-ROMs were manufactured by industrial stamping with a master made from the original. In 1990 again Philips and Sony expanded the technology and created the recordable compact disc (CD-R). Up to then, the CD-ROMs were manufactured by industrial stamping with a master made from the original.

5 CDs and DVDs History: (conti.) History: (conti.) In 1991 the Pioneer Corporation began development of a new Digital Video Disc format. During this time significant advances in software development, specialty compression algorithms for video applications were developed so that the CD disk size could be maintained. In 1991 the Pioneer Corporation began development of a new Digital Video Disc format. During this time significant advances in software development, specialty compression algorithms for video applications were developed so that the CD disk size could be maintained. In 1995 Sony led a 9 company consortium to introduce a standard for recordable DVDs. Today, though, the DVD recordable is not standardized and two types of systems coexists: DVD-R and DVD+R. In 1995 Sony led a 9 company consortium to introduce a standard for recordable DVDs. Today, though, the DVD recordable is not standardized and two types of systems coexists: DVD-R and DVD+R.

6 CDs and DVDs CDs and DVDs although they look the same they are all different. CDs and DVDs although they look the same they are all different. On each disk is a media descriptor that tells the computer what type of disk it is. On each disk is a media descriptor that tells the computer what type of disk it is. CD-Rs technically WORMs (Write Once Read Many) are once written too and are read-only. Approximate capacity is 80 minutes of audio or 700 MB of data. CD-Rs technically WORMs (Write Once Read Many) are once written too and are read-only. Approximate capacity is 80 minutes of audio or 700 MB of data. CD-RWs are read writeable (or reusable) and with proper software can be used like a floppy disk. Approximate capacity is 74 minutes of audio or 650 MB of data. CD-RWs are read writeable (or reusable) and with proper software can be used like a floppy disk. Approximate capacity is 74 minutes of audio or 650 MB of data.

7 CDs and DVDs CD Formats: CD Formats: CD-DA (Compact Disk – Digital Audio), the original format, is a variable length file format and is used exclusively for audio. CD-DA (Compact Disk – Digital Audio), the original format, is a variable length file format and is used exclusively for audio. The files (Tracks) are a digital representation of audio. The files (Tracks) are a digital representation of audio. Its specification is defined in what is called the Red Book. Its specification is defined in what is called the Red Book.

8 CDs and DVDs CD Formats: (conti.) CD Formats: (conti.) CD-FS (Compact Disk – File System) is also a variable length file format and is used to store computer data files. CD-FS (Compact Disk – File System) is also a variable length file format and is used to store computer data files. Its specification is defined in what is called the Yellow Book. Its specification is defined in what is called the Yellow Book.

9 CDs and DVDs CD Formats: (conti.) CD Formats: (conti.) CD-RW (Compact Disk Rewritable) disks, depending on how they are formatted, can be either a variable file length, as the CD-R, or a fixed file length (packet) as floppy disks. CD-RW (Compact Disk Rewritable) disks, depending on how they are formatted, can be either a variable file length, as the CD-R, or a fixed file length (packet) as floppy disks. Its specification is defined in what is called the Orange Book. Its specification is defined in what is called the Orange Book. Other types of CD formats are VCD (Video CD), PCD (Photo CD), CD-I and other proprietary formats. Other types of CD formats are VCD (Video CD), PCD (Photo CD), CD-I and other proprietary formats.

10 CD-RW disk formats: CD-RW disk formats: CD-RW disks can be formatted two ways: CD-RW disks can be formatted two ways: Streaming (variable length) – files are added as in the same way as CD-Rs are. Only erasure of the entire disk is possible (reusable). Streaming (variable length) – files are added as in the same way as CD-Rs are. Only erasure of the entire disk is possible (reusable). Packet (fixed length) – uses the same architecture as floppy disks and require packet writing software (UDF) such as Direct CD, CD-In. Packet (fixed length) – uses the same architecture as floppy disks and require packet writing software (UDF) such as Direct CD, CD-In.

11 CDs and DVDs Equipment: Equipment: CD-R drives, the original, will only read CDs. CD-R drives, the original, will only read CDs. CD-RW drives, besides reading CDs can also write to CDs. Making separate drives in a computer redundant. CD-RW drives, besides reading CDs can also write to CDs. Making separate drives in a computer redundant. DVD-R drives will only read CDs and DVDs. Most drives will read both DVD standards. DVD-R drives will only read CDs and DVDs. Most drives will read both DVD standards. DVD-RW drives, will read and write to both CDs and DVDs. DVD-RW drives, will read and write to both CDs and DVDs. CD-RW/DVD combo drives, will both read and write to CDs as well as read DVDs. CD-RW/DVD combo drives, will both read and write to CDs as well as read DVDs.

12 CDs and DVDs Equipment: (conti.) Equipment: (conti.) When buying a CD burner or DVD burner make sure it is Burn Proof or has a write cache. This will minimize the making of coasters (unusable CDs). Also buy a good quality unit. When buying a CD burner or DVD burner make sure it is Burn Proof or has a write cache. This will minimize the making of coasters (unusable CDs). Also buy a good quality unit.

13 CDs and DVDs Software: Software: Microsofts Operating System (XP) includes the software needed to read either CDs and DVDs. Microsofts Operating System (XP) includes the software needed to read either CDs and DVDs. CD and DVD writing (burning) require special software. Such as: CD and DVD writing (burning) require special software. Such as: Nero Nero Easy Media Creator (formally known as Easy CD Creator. Easy Media Creator (formally known as Easy CD Creator. NTI NTI