Understand disorders of the digestive system

2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system Understand the functions and disorders of the Digestive System Essential questions What are the common disorders of the digestive system? How are disorders of the digestive system treated? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the digestive system? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 2

Disorders of the digestive system Anorexia nervosa Psychiatric disorder Eating disorder characterized by refusal to eat No matter how skinny or small they still see themselves as fat Common in teenagers Anorexia Decreased or poor appetite due to illness Symptom Weight loss Tiredness dehydration VS 3

Disorders of the digestive system Dental Caries Another name is cavities Where the tooth is decaying or rotting Brushing and flossing teeth are preventative measures 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 4

Disorders of the digestive system Cholecystitis It is inflammation of the gallbladder 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 5

Disorders of the digestive system Cholecystitis Symptoms Pain the URQ Feeling of heartburn Nausea Vomiting Fever Chills 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 6

Disorders of the digestive system Cholecystitis Treated with pain medication and surgery Cholelithiasis: stones in the gallbladder 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 7

Disorders of the digestive system Cleft palate Where the hard palate in the mouth did not form There is a hole in the roof of the mouth 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 8

Disorders of the digestive system Cleft palate Babies have eating problems, unable to nurse or suck on bottle Ear infections Voice changes Dental issues 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 9

Disorders of the digestive system Cleft palate You are born with this condition It is congenital What specialist(s) should be consulted to correct a cleft palates? A plastic surgeon fixes cleft palates 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 10

Disorders of the digestive system Cirrhosis What is cirrhosis? A chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue. It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 11

Disorders of the digestive system Cirrhosis What are the symptoms? Jaundice (yellowing of the skin) due to accumulation of bilirubin in the blood Fatigue Weakness Loss of appetite Itching Easy bruising from decreased production of blood clotting factors by the diseased liver 12

Disorders of the digestive system Constipation What is constipation? Not being able to pass stool 3 or less times a week 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 13

Disorders of the digestive system Constipation What are some causes? Medication, in particular narcotics Dehydration Eating the wrong foods What is obstipation? A complete blockage 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 14

Disorders of the digestive system How can constipation be prevented? Drink plenty of fluids Eat a high fiber diet 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 15

Disorders of the digestive disorders Diarrhea Define diarrhea Passing stool to quickly without water being able to be absorbed therefore the stool is more liquid 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 16

Disorders of the digestive disorders Diarrhea What causes it? Virus emotional What are the effects on your health? Electrolyte imbalance 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 17

Disorders of the digestive disorders Gastroenteritis What is gastroenteritis? Inflammation of the stomach and the intestines 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 18

Disorders of the digestive disorders Gastroenteritis What causes it? It is a viral infection 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 19

Disorders of the digestive disorders Gastroenteritis Symptoms: Nausea Vomiting Dehydration Diarrhea What healthcare professional would you see for treatment? Gastroenterologist who specializes in stomach and intestines 20

Disorders of the digestive system Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Causes the acid to go back up to the esophagus and into the mouth 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 21

Disorders of the digestive system Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) What are some common causes of GERD? Spicy food Snacking close to bedtime Laying flat after eating overeating 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 22

Disorders of the digestive system Hepatitis Inflammation of the liver from viral illness Acute - less than 6 months Chronic - greater than 6 months Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E Which hepatitis virus has a vaccine? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 23

Disorders of the digestive system Hepatitis What are some common symptoms of hepatitis? Yellow tint to skin and eyes Itching Fluid in abdomen (3rd space) Which hepatitis virus has a vaccine? Hepatitis B has a vaccine 24

Disorders of the digestive system Irritable bowel syndrome A widespread condition involving recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea or constipation, often associated with stress, depression, anxiety, or previous intestinal infection. 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 25

Disorders of the digestive system Irritable bowel syndrome Treatments relate to: Lifestyle Diet Medication 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 26

Disorders of the digestive system Irritable bowel syndrome Limit caffeine and alcohol Limit intake of fatty foods If diarrhea is main symptom, limit dairy products, fruit and artificial sweeteners such as sorbitol or xylitol Increase fiber in your diet to help relieve constipation Avoid foods such as beans, cabbage, or uncooked cauliflower and broccoli to help relieve bloating or gas. 27

Disorders of the digestive system Peptic ulcer What is a peptic ulcer? A “sore” on the mucous lining In the stomach it is called a gastric ulcer In the Upper small intestine are called duodenal ulcers What causes it? How is it treated? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 28

Disorders of the digestive system Peptic ulcer What causes it? Helicobacter pylori is the bacteria that causes the ulcer How is it treated? Antibiotic for bacteria Acid reducer for stomach to allow healing 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 29

Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system Healthy dietary habits help maintain homeostasis of body systems 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 30

Relevance of nutrition to the digestive system Vitamins Fat soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K Water soluble Vitamins C, B Electrolytes Calcium Chloride Magnesium Phosphorus Potassium Sodium What roles do electrolytes and vitamins play in the digestive system? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 31

2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system Essential questions What are the common disorders of the digestive system? How are disorders of the digestive system treated? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the digestive system? 2.08 Understand the functions and disorders of the digestive system 32