Connective

Characteristics Most abundant tissue regenerates at varying rates relatively few cells and widely separated from each other. Found in bone, blood, ligaments, cartilage.

Functions 1.Support 2.Binding 3.Protection 4.Transport 5.Storage 6.Fills space

Types Identified by cells and matrix Matrix: complex mixture of nonliving material that makes up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Human Blood tissue and its surrounding matrix

Cartilage Solid, rubbery matrix. Cartilage is found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, in the throat and between intervertebral disks.

Cartilage Chondrocytes Cells found within the matrix, live in small pockets know as lacunae (lacus-pool).

Matrix non-living collagen (protein) fibers. No blood vessels (diffusion) 3 types: –Hyaline-white –Elastic-flexible –Fibrocartilage- very tough

The osteoarticular transplant (OATs) procedure. A. A region of damaged cartilage is evident on the femur (circled region). B. The lesion and any abnormal surrounding cartilage are removed, leaving a recipient site of normal bone and cartilage (C). A size- matched, donor allograft femur with healthy cartilage and bone is used to obtain a donor plug of bone and cartilage (inset).

COLOR CODE Picture #3 O = Chondrocyte N = Lacuna P = Matrix (collagen fibers)

Adipose Large cells, 1 vacuole (fat) 3 roles 1. stores energy 2. padding protection 3. insulator Cells: Adipocytes Matrix: Fat

COLOR CODE Picture #2 Nucleus (Dark dot by the cell membrane) Fat Vacuole (the bubble)

Bone Solid, crystalline matrix, vascular, will heal back Cells osteocytes Matrix inorganic calcium, flexible collagen fibers. Diffusion occurs through the canaliculi in the bony matrix to distribute nutrients

Blood (liquid) Fluid connective tissue RBCs : erythrocytes WBCs: leukocytes Platelets (clotting): thrombocytes MATRIX: Interstitial fluid & Plasma

Loose Space filling tissue (seperates skin from muscle) Cells fat cells, fibroblasts, mast cells (histomine), macrophage Matrix mostly tissue fluid, collagen fibers, elastin fibers

Color code

COLOR CODE Picture 1 A = fibroblast (structure) B = macrophage (digestion) C = fat cell (storage) D= mast cell (Protein, help healing) E= collagen (Protein) F = elastin (Flexible Protein)

Fibrous (dense) Cells fibroblasts Matrix tight packed parallel collagen fibers Not much regeneration Ex. Tendons (connect muscle to bone), ligaments (bone to bone)