Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! By Madonna Barr, Energetic Life Consultant

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! WHO AM I? Madonna Barr, Energetic Life Consultant

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! WHO else AM I?

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! GREAT LEADERS THINK STRATEGICALLY strike a balance between visualizing what might or could be and an effective day-to-day approach to implementation They look into the future to see where the company needs to go and what it will look like. Understand the current state of play as well as possibilities they operate from a broad, long-term perspective they can gather information and make decisions in a timely manner. And they can do this while making sure the right things get done on a daily basis.

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! LEADERSHIP REQUIRES 5 DIFFERENT TYPES OF THINKING Intuitive   Thinking  Critical Thinking  Implementation Thinking  Innovative Thinking  Conceptual Thinking 

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! BRIEF HISTORY LESSON Renaissance Colet, Erasmus with Moore + Bacon in UK. religion, art, society, human nature, law, and freedom. 500BC Socraties founded the intellectual roots of critical thinking. Middle Ages Thomas Aquinas - power of reasoning - systematic cross- examining. C16th - C18th Hobbes & Locke; Robert Doyle and Sir Isaac Newton Abandon egocentric world views. C19th Comte and Spence, Karl Marx, Darwin, Sigmund Freud Extended to include human social life. C20th William Sumner, John Dewey, Ludwig Wittgenstein; Jean Paiget Abandoned sociocentric views.

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! (Edward M. Glaser, An Experiment in the Development of Critical Thinking, Teacher’s College, Columbia University, 1941) Defines critical thinking as follows “The ability to think critically, as conceived in this seminal study, involves three things: (1) an attitude to consider, in a thoughtful way, the problems and subjects that come within the range of one's experiences, (2) knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, and (3) some skill in applying those methods.

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING REMEMBER Retrieve relevant knowledge from long term memory Can you recall? Where is….? Who is…? Can you list four…? How would you describe…? Which of these is True…? False…? Showing Naming Listing Restating Finding Relating Choosing Matching

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING ANALYSE Separate a whole into parts and determine their relationships Why do you think…? What is the relationship….? Can you compare…? Contrast…? What idea is relevant to…? How would you categorize…? What can you infer…? Clarifying Investigating Dissecting Dividing Experimenting Discovering Simplifying Determining Researching

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING UNDERSTAND Construct meaning from instructional messages What is the main idea of…? Can you find an example of….? How would you summarise…? What might happen next…? How do you explain…? What ideas or facts show…? Organising Discussing Interpreting Paraphrasing Extending Outlining Reviewing Inferring Showing

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING EVALUATE Make judgments based on criteria and standards Which is more important…? Is there a better solution to….? Can you defend…? What are the pros of…? cons…? Why is…..of value? How would you feel if…? Validating Justifying Critiquing Assessing Prioritising Rating Selecting Deducting Monitoring

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING APPLY Carry out or use a procedure in a given situation What would happen if…? How could you clarify….? Who do you think…? Which approach would you…? How would you use…? What is a situation like…? Practicing Choosing Interviewing Implementing Operating Developing Planning Solving Genericising

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING CREATE Combine elements or ideas to form a new whole What is an alternative to…? Could you invent….? Can you compose a…? What is your theory about…? How can you imagine…? What could you design to…? Building Combining Formulating Constructing Devising Improving Changing Adapting Producing

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 5 POWERFUL BARRIERS TO CRITICAL THINKING Self-Centered Thinking > self-interested thinking > self-serving bias Egocentrism Group-Centered Thinking > group bias > conformism Sociocentrism Beliefs that are presumed to be true without adequate evidence or justification > assumptions > Stereotyping Unwarranted Believing that something is true because one wishes it to be true. > the truth is “just a matter of opinion” Wishful Thinking Relativistic Believing everything is relevant > subjectiveness > cultural relativism

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! A CRITICAL THINKER WILL… Ask pertinent questions Assess statements and arguments Has a sense of curiosity Is interested in finding new solutions Is able to admit a lack of understanding or knowledge/information Is able to clearly define a set of criteria for analysing ideas Examines beliefs, assumptions, and opinions and weighs them against facts Listens carefully to others and is able to give feedback Suspends judgment until all facts have been gathered and considered Looks for evidence to support assumption and beliefs Is able to adjust opinions when new facts are found Examines problems closely Is able to reject information that is incorrect or irrelevant

preparing to speak today” Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! Case Study “Me preparing to speak today”

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! Case Study REMEMBER ANALYSE UNDERSTAND EVALUATE APPLY CREATE

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! SO IN SUMMARY… Build your knowledge base around critical thinking Avoid getting bogged down in the minutia of information Use your knowledge wisely, as and where needed Come clean when you don’t know something Demonstrate insights as a business partner with your Executive Invest in upskilling, education and training as often as you can!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! ALBERT’s THOUGHTS…

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! Thank you! Madonna Barr, Energetic Life Consultant