Commercial Uses of GPS Jason Y. Kim Office of Space Commercialization United States Department of Commerce September 13, 2004

United States GPS Policy of 1996 “Our goals are to: …Encourage private sector investment in and use of U.S. GPS technologies and services.”

Interagency GPS Executive Board Defense Transportation State Commerce Interior Agriculture Joint Chiefs of Staff NASA Homeland Security

Why Department of Commerce? Primary mission: promote commercial market growth and trade Represents the largest GPS constituency Commercial industry Commercial end users National Geodetic Survey, National Weather Service, NOAA Corps, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Census Bureau Oversees CORS augmentation system Key role in federal radio spectrum management

Worldwide GPS Hardware Sales Exceed $9 Billion Per Year (Projected) $Billions Figures represent GPS hardware producer revenues. They do not include revenues from the space segment or from value-added services. Previous studies included value-added services, which is why these numbers seem lower. Source: DOC, 2001

Commercial Applications Dominate the GPS Market Data for Year 2000 Source: DOC, 1998

Sample Uses of GPS Technology Transportation Automotive Rail Maritime Aviation Space Industry Agriculture Construction E-Commerce/Finance Electric Power Engineering Fishing Forestry Manufacturing Mining Oil & Gas Telecommunications Geography Surveying Mapping Geodesy Geographic Information Systems Land Use Planning Recreation Consumer Electronics Hiking/Geocaching Boating/Fishing Sports Tourism Science & Environment Weather Forecasting Pollution Monitoring Ecology & Wilderness Conservation Toxic Waste/Oil Spill Cleanup Animal Behavior Disease Control Geological Change Monitoring Archaeology Time Transfer Military Force Deployment Logistical Support Vehicle Navigation Smart Munitions

Surveying/Mapping/GIS Sub-centimeter accuracy 100%-300% savings in time, cost, labor Most major development projects require surveying Rural electrification Telecom tower placement Pipeline installation Dam construction Port dredging operations Oil, gas, and mineral exploration Flood plain mapping

Tracking Package/cargo delivery Fleet and asset management 60,000-70,000 trucks in Brazil tracked by GPS Theft recovery Children, pets, elderly Public safety services

Timing GPS offers an inexpensive alternative to costly, high maintenance timing equipment Telecommunications network synchronization & management Phones, pagers, wireless systems LANs, WANs, Internet Financial transactions, e-commerce Electrical power grid management & fault location

Precision Agriculture Maximize use of resources Optimized plowing of crop rows Tailored applications of seeds, fertilizer, water, pesticides Improved management of land, machinery, personnel, time Greater crop yields Net benefit: $5 to $14 per acre Minimize environmental impacts Localized identification and treatment of distressed crops reduces chemical use Precise leveling of fields prevents fluid runoff

Construction/Mining Enhanced management of assets, equipment Progress tracked in real-time, remotely Improved machine control Saves time Saves fuel Reduces maintenance Prevents accidents Rapid surveying for drilling, machinery placement Smaller, more empowered workforce Pier in Northern Brazil constructed through fog and darkness with GPS

Environmental Protection Forest protection Logging enforcement (e.g., Mato Grosso) Firefighting IBAMA: 230 GPS units Fishing boundary enforcement Endangered species and habitat preservation Natural resource management Hazardous cleanup Oil spills, toxic waste Atmospheric modeling

Recreation Portable receivers for outdoorsmen, hunters, etc. Wristwatches for runners Mobile phones (E-911), PDA’s, etc. Sports facilities -- golf courses, ski resorts Geocaching

Huge Potential Exists in the Market for Value Added Services Software development Embedded applications Localized GIS databases Internet integration Wireless markets Location-Based Services

The Market Is Wide Open Civil signals are freely available, right now More GPS signals coming soon Openly published documentation for all civil signals No licensing fees No export controls on commercial GPS goods Hardware is cheap, getting cheaper New applications are invented every day

GPS Sales by Geographic Region  1998  U.S. Japan 32% 47%  2003  (Projected) U.S. Japan Europe Asia 30% 44% 18% Other 2% 1% Europe 23% Other Asia 1% 2% Source: DOC, 1998

Exporting U.S. GPS Goods to Brazil Controlled items requiring export licenses from U.S. Department of State: Military receivers GPS receivers that operate at speeds above 1,000 nautical miles per hour (1,852 km/hr) AND altitudes above 60,000 feet (18.3 km) Satellite components GPS goods requiring no U.S. export license: Everything else!

Commercial Interests Affect The Future of GPS GPS modernization Schedule, funding, user requirements New signal design properties (e.g., more power) Galileo cooperation Protecting interests, investments of GPS user base Ensuring level playing field for commerce Maximizing benefits of combined GPS-Galileo service Spectrum protection GPS information dissemination

Point of Contact for Commercial Users and Industry Jason Y. Kim Senior Policy Analyst Office of Space Commercialization U.S. Department of Commerce www.technology.gov/space jason.kim@technology.gov +1 (202) 482-5827